Puccinia arachidis

Puccinia arachidis infestation on leaf underside

Puccinia arachidis is a Ständerpilzart from the order of rust fungi ( Pucciniales ). The fungus is an endoparasite of the peanut. Symptoms of infestation by the way are rust spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces of host plants. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical America.

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

Puccinia arachidis with the naked eye can be seen only on the basis of the projected on the surface of the host spore deposits. They grow in clusters that appear as yellowish to brown spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces.

Microscopic characteristics

The mycelium of Puccinia arachidis growing intercellular like all Puccinia species and forms Saugfäden growing in the storage tissue of the host. Your spermogonia and Aecien are unknown. The uredia the fungus grow predominantly on the underside on the surfaces of host leaves and cinnamon. Your also zimtbraunen uredospores are 23-29 × 18-22 microns in size, ovate to breitellipsoid and stachelwarzig. The leaf underside growing Telien the type are cinnamon brown, powdery and uncovered. The bright golden-brown teliospores are two-celled, usually ellipsoid to langellipsoid, wrinkled and mostly 38-56 × 14-18 microns in size. Your handle is colorless and up to 65 microns long.

Dissemination

The known distribution area of Puccinia arachidis ranges from the southern United States to South America. He is now spread everywhere, where the peanut is grown.

Ecology

The host plant of Puccinia arachidis, the peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ), but also other species of the genus such as. Arachis repens. The fungus feeds on the present in storage tissues of the plant nutrients, its spores bearing later break through the leaf surface, and put spores free. The way passes through a macrocyclic development cycle, from the date, only uredia and Telien are known. Whether she is going through a change of host, therefore can not be said.

Importance

Puccinia arachidis is a serious pest in groundnut cultivation. The fungus Fusarium chlamydosporum parasitizes the rust, allowing it to be used as in the biological pest control. Usually he is fought with pesticides such as carbendazim and mancozeb.