Pyrenulales
Pyrenula pseudobufonia
The Pyrenulales are an order mostly lichen -forming Ascomycota.
Features
The lichen -forming species have a thin thallus that grows hidden in the substrate or on the surface. The thallus form is usually easier than with many other lichens. Special units for vegetative propagation as isidia or soredia absent.
The fruiting body is a perithecium, which is provided with an opening ostiole as. The Hamathecium consists of Pseudoparaphysen in Pyrenulaceae and Requiellenaceae of paraphyses. The asci are bitunicat, the spores are colorless to brown.
Way of life
The Pyrenulales are predominantly Flechtenbildner that are associated exclusively with green algae Trentepohliaceae the family, who are also responsible for the frequent orange color. Some representatives of the Requienellaceae are not lichenisiert.
Dissemination
The order occurs mainly in the tropics, some representatives are also found in the forests of temperate latitudes. Lichens grow mainly on tree bark. The non- lichen- forming species living on tree bark, leaves and wood.
System
Outer systematics
The Pyrenulales belong to the subclass of Chaetothyriomycetidae and are a natural kinship group, a monophyletic taxon. The cladogram of the class looks like this:
Pyrenulales
Inside systematics
Eriksson divided the order into four families:
- Monoblastiaceae 3 genres Acrocordia
- Anisomeridium
- Monoblastia
- Pyrenulaceae with 15 genera Pyrenula
- Pyrgillus
- Sulcopyrenula
- Requienellaceae with two genera mauritiana
- Requienella
- Trypetheliaceae with 10 genera
- Incertae sedis Pyrenulales Asteroporum
- Blastodesmia
- Celothelium
- Heufleridium
- Micromma
- Mycoporum
- Porodothion
- Porothelium
- Rhaphidicyrtis
- Stromatothelium
- Xenu
The largest genera are Anisomeridium and Pyrenula, each with over 100 species.