Raphanus

White Beer radish variety ' Summer Cross'

The radishes (Raphanus from the Latin radix for root ) form a genus of flowering plants in the family of cruciferous plants ( Brassicaceae). There are about three types, which are mainly native to the Mediterranean.

Description

Radish species are annual or biennial herbaceous plants. The roots are thin to fleshy and it is formed depending on the nature and culture form a turnip, which may be very different for the varieties in size, shape and color. The aerial parts are rare bald, usually hairy or bristly fluffy with simple trichomes. The upright stems may be branched. The alternate basal and distributed along the stems arranged leaves are long stalked up very short. The leaf blades are lyre-shaped, lobed to pinnately lobed. The leaf margin lobed to toothed.

The inflorescence axis of the first schirmtraubigen inflorescence mostly extended strongly to fruit maturity and will soon grapey. An inflorescence contains multiple blooms. The hermaphrodite flowers are cruciform. The four upright, free sepals are narrow oblong, rarely linear and lateral pair has trained indistinct bags at their base. The four free, nailed petals are broadly obovate to rarely nearly circular and obtuse or rounded and longer than the sepals. The colors of the petals are white to off - white, yellowish or pink to reddish -violet usually with darker nerves. There are six stamens present with oblong to oblong - linealischen anthers. There are four nectar glands present.

The usually cylindrical, fusiform, lanceolate or ovate, rarely linealischen, oblong or ellipsoidal pods or silicles have two segments and do not open at maturity.

The basic chromosome number is x = 9

Occurrence

The original distribution ranges with predominant occurrence in the Mediterranean from North Africa to Europe and the Middle East to Pakistan. The wild radish and garden radish are cultivated almost worldwide and come in part as neophytes and invasive plants.

Ingredients

A normal radish covers the daily requirement of an adult of vitamin C, it provides some protein, carotene, some B vitamins, plenty of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iron and enzymes, but especially a sulfur-containing oil Raphanol, and several glucosinolates and bitter substances that have an antibiotic effect, are cholagogue and loosen mucus in the airways. However, some people find the smell of radish as unpleasant. In addition, radish can cause bad breath.

The red variant also contains a dye selected from the group of anthocyanins, which is approved as a food color.

System

The genus Raphanus was erected in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 2, page 669. As lectotype 1913 Raphanus sativus L. was carried NL Britton & A. Brown in Ill. Fl. N.U.S., ed 2, Volume 2, page 194 set. Synonyms for Raphanus L. Greuter & Burdet is quid pro quo and raphanistrum million. The genus Raphanus belongs to the tribe Brassicaceae in the family Brassicaceae.

There are about three Raphanus species:

• Acker - radish, wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.): Beach - radish ( Raphanus raphanistrum subsp landra ( Moretti ex DC ) Bonnier & Layens, (syn.: .. Raphanus landra Moretti ex DC, Raphanus maritimus Sm, Raphanus raphanistrum subsp maritimus ( Sm ) Thell ). .. )
• Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum (Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. Clavaud segetum ( syn. Raphanus microcarpus Long, Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. microcarpus ( Lange) Thell. ) )
• Radish Raphanus raphanistrum beak L. subsp. rostratus ( DC.) Thell. (Raphanus rostratus DC. )

• Rat tail radish ( Raphanus sativus var mougri HWJHelm, Syn: Raphanus caudatus Lf, Raphanus sativus var caudate ( Lf) H.Vilm, also known as R. sativus " Rat- Tailed Radish " group. )
• Oil radish ( Raphanus sativus var oleiformis pers, Syn. Raphanus sativus var oleiferus Stokes )
• Radish / radish (Raphanus sativus L. var sativus, Syn: Raphanus sativus var niger J.Kern, Raphanus sativus var raphanistroides ( Makino ) Makino, also known as R. sativus "Small or Oriental Radish " group, Black. winter radish, daikon not own more variety Syn: Raphanus sativus var macropodus Makino and White beer radish no longer own variety Syn: Raphanus sativus var albus)

Swell

• Ihsan A. Al - Shehbaz, John F. Gaskin: Brassicaceae in the Flora of North America, Volume 7, 2010, p 438: Raphanus - Online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
• Tai - Yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al- Shehbaz & Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 8, 2001, p 25: Raphanus - Online. (Section Description and dissemination )