Reginald Wingate

Sir Francis Reginald Wingate, 1st Baronet GCB GCVO GBE KCMG DSO ( born June 25, 1861 in Broadfield, Scotland, † January 29, 1953 ) was a British lieutenant-general, Governor-General of Anglo -Egyptian Sudan and High Commissioner in Egypt.

Childhood and First Appearances in the Orient

Francis Reginald Wingate was born the son of a Scottish textile merchant. One year after Wingate's birth his father's business collapsed, he died and his mother moved to Jersey with the children. He graduated from the Royal Military Academy in Woolwich and in 1880 became a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery. He served in India and Aden.

During the occupation of Egypt in 1882 the Egyptian army was defeated at the battle of Tel -el- Kebir. It was then rebuilt under the command of a British commander in chief, the Sirdar. Wingate was adjutant of the first Sirdar Evelyn Wood.

Mahdi uprising

1884 Wingate took part in the operation in Sudan to rescue Gordon Pasha, and to the relief of Khartoum by the Mahdi uprising. The British entered the city on January 28, 1885, two days after they had been killed fallen and Gordon.

Wingate worked from 1886 in the news service of the Egyptian army, whose chief he was in 1892. In 1889 he participated in the Battle of Toski. As head of the intelligence service, he had to share the run Rudolf Slatins. With this, he worked in the following years. His good knowledge of the country and the language were to assist him in his work. So he wrote the book Mandiism and the Egyptian Sudan. He also translated the books Slatins and Father Joseph Walder's ear. The public mood in Britain, which was set by these reports against the Caliphate, meant that the British government decided in 1896 to proceed against the Mahdists.

In 1896, the Anglo - Egyptian Nile Expeditionary Force was ordered to march to the occupation of the northern Sudan under the new Sirdar Horatio Herbert Kitchener. At the so-called Dongola campaign Major Wingate took part as chief of the Intelligence Service. On March 22, 1896 Kitchener, Slatin and Wingate traveled to the front, to Wadi Halfa. After the conquest of Dongola Wingate was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1896. From March to June 1897, he took part in the meantime an expedition to Abyssinia. After the issue of the long supply routes had been solved by the construction of a railway line in the large Nilbogen, the Anglo- Egyptian army could advance further in 1897 and 1898 suggest the Mahdists at the Battle of Omdurman. In October 1899 Kitchener sent 8000 soldiers under Wingate's command, in order to definitively destroy the leader of the Mahdists, Abdallahi ibn Muhammad. In the battle of Umm Diwaykarat in the province of Kordofan Wingate was Abdallahi ibn Muhammad victorious and was killed.

Governor General and high commissioner

After Kitchener had become 1899 Chief of Staff of Lord Roberts in the Boer War in December, Wingate took over the function of the Governor General of Anglo -Egyptian Sudan and the Sirdars. Wingate worked from 1899 to 1916 from overcoming the economic consequences of the Mahdi uprising in the Sudan. In 1903 he was appointed major general and in 1908 was promoted to lieutenant general. In addition, he received the rank of Pasha.

On January 1, 1917 Wingate, was the successor of Henry McMahon, British High Commissioner of Egypt. On October 7, 1919, he became 1st Viscount Allenby replaced by Edmund Allenby. In 1920 he became a Baronet Wingate of Dunbar, in the County of Haddington, and of Port Sudan raised. On 1 February 1922 he resigned from the army, but remained Colonel Commandant, Royal Artillery and honorary colonel of the 6th / 7th Battalion of the Manchester Regiment.