Renealmia

Renealmia cernua

Renealmia is a plant genus in the subfamily Alpinioideae from the ginger family ( Zingiberaceae ), which belongs to the monocot plants. Some species are used as ornamental plants.

  • 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Renealmia species are large, perennial herbaceous plants. They form rhizomes as outlasting. There shall be well-trained "pseudo tribes " of mostly many leaves. The large leaves are divided into petioles and leaf blades.

Generative features

Direct from the rhizome developed a short to very long, upright to lying down, leafy inflorescence stem or rarely the inflorescences are terminal to the pseudo strains. In a terminal, usually loose or sometimes branched inflorescence are on each sheet bearing a part of inflorescence, each with one to several flowers that are each about one -tube cover.

The hermaphrodite, zygomorphic flowers are triple with double perianth. The flower colors range from white to yellow. The three membranous sepals are fused Roehrig to top-shaped. The three petals are fused Roehrig, the corolla tube is about as long as the corolla tube. The crown is as long as the labellum equal to twice. Only the median stamen of the inner circle is fertile; it has a short filament. The dust bag has no appendages. All other stamens are transformed into staminodes. The mean Staminodium of the outer circle is missing. The two lateral staminodes of the outer circle are small and tooth-like. The two lateral staminodes of the inner circle are fused to a so-called labellum; it is the most conspicuous part of the flower Represents the upright or spreading labellum is longer than the crown and has three lobes. Three carpels are fused to a dreikammerigen ovary.

The fruits are together ( Synkarp ) in a spherical or oblong fruit collection. The spherical to ellipsoidal, more or less fleshy fruit capsules open from the base towards the tip. The seeds often have an orange aril.

The chromosome numbers are 2n = 22 or 44

Occurrence

It is the only genus of the family Zingiberaceae which is native to the Neotropics. Species are found from Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil, as well as some species are native to the Caribbean islands. About 20 species occur in Africa.

System

The genus belongs to the tribe Renealmia Alpinieae in the subfamily Alpinioideae within the family of Zingiberaceae.

The genus Renealmia was published twice. Charles Plumier placed the genus Renalmia in Nova Plantarum Genera Americanarum, Leiden 1703, p 37 from the plant family Bromeliaceae ( Bromeliaceae ). Linnaeus later changed in Critica Botanica, Leiden 1737, p 94, the notation in Renealmia. But 1742 was divided into Genera Plantarum Linnaeus, p 136 Renealmia species in the genus Tillandsia one. Renealmia L. f 1781 published by his son of the same Carolus Linnaeus the Younger in Supplementum Plantarum, p 79, f with the type species Renealmia exaltata L.,. In this case, the younger name has been declared valid ( Vienna ICBN Article 53, Vienna ICBN Art 14:10 & App. III). Synonyms for Renealmia L. f are: .. .. Alpinia Roxb non L., Ethanium Salisb, Gethyra Salisb, Peperidium Lindl, Siphotria Raf .. The generic name honors the Renealmia French physician and botanist Paul Reneaulme.

The genus contains about 75 Renealmia (60 to 80) types:

  • Renealmia acreana Maas
  • Renealmia africana Benth.
  • Renealmia alborosea K.Schum.
  • Renealmia alpinia ( Rottb. ) Maas
  • Renealmia alticola Maas
  • Renealmia angustifolia K.Schum.
  • Renealmia aromatica ( Aubl. ) Griseb.
  • Renealmia asplundii Maas
  • Renealmia aurantifera Maas
  • Renealmia batangana K.Schum.
  • Renealmia battenbergiana Cummins ex Baker
  • Renealmia brachythyrsa Loes.
  • Renealmia bracteata De Wild. & T.Durand
  • Renealmia brasiliensis K.Schum.
  • Renealmia breviscapa Poepp. & Endl.
  • Renealmia cabrae De Wild. & T.Durand
  • Renealmia caucana Maas
  • Renealmia cernua ( Sw. ex Roem. & Schult. ) JFMacbr.
  • Renealmia chalcochlora K.Schum.
  • Renealmia chiriquina Standlschmaus.
  • Renealmia choroniensis Maas
  • Renealmia chrysotricha Petersen
  • Renealmia cincinnata ( K.Schum. ) T.Durand & Schinz
  • Renealmia concinna Standlschmaus.
  • Renealmia congesta Maas
  • Renealmia congoensis Gagnep.
  • Renealmia congolana De Wild. & T.Durand
  • Renealmia costaricensis Standlschmaus.
  • Renealmia cuatrecasasii Maas
  • Renealmia cylindrica Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia densiflora Urb.
  • Renealmia densispica Koechlin
  • Renealmia dermatopetala K.Schum.
  • Renealmia dewevrei De Wild. & T.Durand
  • Renealmia dolichocalyx Maas
  • Renealmia dressleri Maas
  • Renealmia engleri K.Schum.
  • Renealmia erythrocarpa Standlschmaus.
  • Renealmia ferruginea Maas
  • Renealmia floribunda K.Schum.
  • Renealmia foliifera Standlschmaus.
  • Renealmia fragilis Maas
  • Renealmia guianensis Maas
  • Renealmia heleniae Maas
  • Renealmia jamaicensis ( Gaertn. ) Horan.
  • Renealmia krukovii Maas
  • Renealmia laxa K.Schum.
  • Renealmia ligulata Maas
  • Renealmia longifolia K.Schum.
  • Renealmia lucida Maas
  • Renealmia macrocolea K.Schum.
  • Renealmia maculata Stapf
  • Renealmia mannii Hook.f.
  • Renealmia matogrossensis Maas
  • Renealmia mexicana Klotzsch ex Petersen
  • Renealmia microcalyx Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia monosperma Miq.
  • Renealmia nicolaioides Loes.
  • Renealmia oligosperma K.Schum.
  • Renealmia oligotricha Maas
  • Renealmia orinocensis Rusby
  • Renealmia pacifica (Maas ) Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia pallida Maas
  • Renealmia petasites Gagnep.
  • Renealmia pirrensis Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia pluriplicata Maas
  • Renealmia polyantha K.Schum.
  • Renealmia polypus Gagnep.
  • Renealmia puberula Steyerm.
  • Renealmia purpurea Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia pycnostachys K.Schum.
  • Renealmia pyramidalis ( Lam.) Maas
  • Renealmia racemosa Poepp. & Endl.
  • Renealmia reticulata Gagnep.
  • Renealmia sancti Thomae - I.M.Turner
  • Renealmia scaposa Maas
  • Renealmia sessilifolia Gagnep.
  • Renealmia stellulata Steyerm.
  • Renealmia stenostachys K.Schum.
  • Renealmia striata ( Stokes ) ined.
  • Renealmia thyrsoidea ( Ruiz & Pav ) Poepp. & Endl.
  • Renealmia Urban Loes.
  • Renealmia Vallensis Maas
  • Renealmia variegata Maas & H.Maas
  • Renealmia wurdackii Maas

Endangered Species

Four species are listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

  • Renealmia aurantifera: Status "Least Concern" ( not at risk )
  • Renealmia dolichocalyx: Status " Near Threatened " ( Near Threatened )
  • Renealmia oligotricha: Status " Vulnerable " (endangered )
  • Renealmia sessilifolia: Status " Near Threatened " ( Near Threatened )

Swell

  • PJM Maas: Renealmia ( Zingiberaceae - Zingiberoideae ). Costoideae (addition ) ( Zingiberaceae ), In: Flora Neotropica Monograph, 18, ​​1977, p 138
  • The genus Renealmia at the National Museum of Natural History ( NMNH ) of the Smithsonian Institution. (Section Description and distribution. )
Zingiberales Labellum (botany) Ovary (botany) Agricultural Research Service
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