Revolving door

A revolving door, colloquially also called revolving door, english revolving door or rotating door, consists of two to four attached to a central vertical axis door wings that rotate in a circular housing. Through a revolving door, a larger number of people at a time in and out into a building without colliding.

General

The technical language term revolving door is mainly used by manufacturers as well as standards and regulations. Colloquially, the term revolving door has prevailed.

The installation of a revolving door saves energy, especially in large buildings such as skyscrapers, as they inhibit the drafts, thus contributing to reduce heating or cooling costs. For smaller buildings, the installation of a revolving door, but not worth it because of the high purchase price will not be amortized.

Revolving doors are operated either manually or have a pace adapted to the drive as well as a safety brake.

In countries with right-hand traffic, such as Germany, revolving doors rotate basically counterclockwise. Input and output are then on the right side. In countries with left-hand traffic revolving doors rotate clockwise in principle, so that input and output are located on the left side. The video in the gallery shows two side by side built-in revolving doors at the City Hall of London. A rotates counterclockwise and thus meets the habits of most continental Europeans, while the other rotates clockwise and thus meets the habits of most visitors from Commonwealth countries.

Revolving doors are not accessible in the sense of DIN 18040 " Barrier-free building ".

Separation systems are no revolving doors, even if their operating principle is similar.

Waldemar Otto. Man in revolving door. Frankfurt am Main

History

On 22 December 1881 Berliner H. Bock hackers obtained the German patent DE18349 for his " door draft-free ", but marketed it no further.

The Dutch- American inventor Theophilus Van Kannel (1841-1919) received on August 7, 1888, U.S. Patent 387.571 for his " storm door " construction (the terms revolving door or revolving door have not been used). The patent drawing shows a three-part revolving door (see chart at right).

In his patent Van Kannel does some advantages of its " storm door " towards a door in traditional construction on:

"It will be evident did a storm -door structure of the character shown and Described poss esses Numerous advantages over a hinged -door structure of the usual character, for, as the door fits snugly into the casing, it is perfectly noiseless in its operational and effectually Prevents the entrance of wind, snow, rain, or dust Either When it is closed or When persons are passing through it. More -over, the door can not be blown open by the wind, as the pressure is equal on bothsides of the center of motion, and the door can be moved without notice able resistance, as it requires no springs or weights to restore it to its closed position or any bumpers to preventDefault slamming. Further than this, as the door moves in but one direction, there is no Possibility of collision and yet persons can pass Both in and out at the sametime. "

"It is obvious that a storm door construction, as shown and described above, a number of advantages over a door in the usual hinge design has, since - if the door fits snugly into the case - in operation is completely silent, and both when the door is closed and the passing-through of persons effectively prevents the penetration of wind, snow, rain or dust. Also can not be in the wind blows, the door, because the pressure on both sides of the axis of rotation is equal. And the door can be moved, since it requires no springs or weights in order to return to the closed position, nor any shock frame to prevent slamming without appreciable resistance. As the door rotates in only one direction, as well as collisions are impossible and yet can people simultaneously both as in - and out reach. "

1889 awarded the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia Theophilus Van Kannel for his invention with the John Scott Legacy Medal from. 1899, the world's first wooden revolving door was installed at a restaurant in Times Square in Manhattan.

Theophilus Van Kannel in 2007 was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

Hazard potential

From revolving doors especially going from a mechanical hazard. When entry and exit the main closing edge of the rotating door panel and the opposing closing edge of the fixed casing can cause bruising of the head, torso and limbs. A relative to the walking speed of the person using it to rapidly rotating Karusseltür particular can trigger old and infirm persons and even bring to case.

In addition, revolving doors are not suitable for escape doors, as they can not be passed through quickly.

1942 492 people died in the U.S. at the Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire in Boston mainly because the only existing revolving door at the output in the resulting panic killed.

2004 occurred at the Cologne -Bonn airport a tragic accident in which a toddler between the outer ring of the housing and the glass door was jammed and was killed.

Constructional safety measures

Since the hitherto valid for Germany standards were rated as insufficient, the new standard DIN was 18650 " Automatic Door Systems " issued that sets new safety standards for all placed on the market after that date automatic door systems, including power operated revolving doors in December 2005. In implementing this DIN standard are for revolving doors next to emergency stops, inter alia, following protective equipment required:

Contact safety edges

At the main closing edges and in the bottom area of the door leaf and the opposing closing edge of the housing mounted contact safety edges are made ​​of an electrically conductive rubber. This two conductive contact areas are embedded in a small distance. These touch upon deformation of the profile of the contact safety edge by pressing anywhere and close an electrical switch contact that is a switching pulse to the drive and this immediately shuts off and the emergency brake is activated. When the deformation is irreversible, the contact of the contact surfaces is interrupted, and the electric switch contact is opened again. The safety brake is released and the drive is again set in motion. This type of backup of revolving doors, has the disadvantage that it is only triggered by a minimum pressure. The risk situation is thus already occurred and a person or an object already slightly jammed. Contact safety edges are often used together with sensors.

Sensors

In revolving doors built sensors are among the most sensitive protective equipment and stop the drive immediately once a person enters the monitored field it covers the revolving door. At the same time they activate the safety brake. When the person leaves this area again, the safety brake is released and put the drive back on track. Be secured

• Main and opposing closing edge at the input and output of the revolving door, so that no persons when entering or exiting the revolving door can be jammed;
• The inner surfaces of the door, so that slow people can not be brought down by a too fast rotating revolving door.

In addition, sensors are used to monitor the inlet area and the space between the door panels in order to determine if a person wishes to use the revolving door or currently used in modern revolving doors. So energy for the drive can be saved, because the revolving door is only as needed in operation (note the left revolving door at the end of the video in the gallery ).

Emergency openings

The door leaf modern Revolving can be in an emergency such as a fire tilt up and thus give the passage in full width free. This function is also the liberation of persons who are included in case of power failure in a revolving door.