Rope splicing

The splice is a break-resistant, durable, non- detachable connection of rope by interweaving the individual Kardeele. It is also used for the repair of rope. This is in Drahtgut using a Marl Spieker - in other tightly seated Well usually a fid - accomplished. The rigger knows different types of splicing: eye splice, Long splicing, Kurzspleiß and end or Rückspleiß.

Basics

The durability of a splice is based on the friction and self-locking between the Tauwerkstücken to be connected. Since rope - like almost all other materials also - elongates under tensile loading and reduced in diameter to oppress the individual Kardeele and can not move against each other. It retained approximately 85-100 % of the original strength of the rope ( depending on the material, type of splice and care in the execution ). A knot weakens a leash, however, significantly ( about 50 % and more).

A spliced ​​rope remains - unlike the use of knots or rope clamps - supple and takes little or not at all to diameter. This is particularly important when the rope has to be constantly wound and unwound out over blocks ( guide rollers ) or. However, the splicing of some Tauwerksarten be a relatively expensive operation, so for emergency repairs but must be made of rope clips or knots.

Regardless of whether a splice is used to join two lines to form an eye or to secure the rope end ( rope ) against fraying ( end or Rückspleiß ), the Kardeele can answer ( rarely ) the direction of rotation of the line ( her shock, usually the right) are spliced ​​. With ropes to enhance the " leeches " ( the outer edges of canvas), in order to enable a more streamlined processing, the Kardeele spliced ​​to the beat and is known as a Segelmacherspleiß. Drahttauwerk is the stiffness due to generally spliced ​​to the beat. For a pleasing work splices can be rejuvenated by removing during the working parts of the Kardeele.

Splices

Eye splice

→ Main article eye splice

At the end of the rope eye splice is incorporated into the rope ( rope ) that an "eye " ( a loop ) is created. It is much stronger than a knotted loop. Such a cable is often used, for example for the mooring of ships, with the eye can be placed over a bollard, so as to establish a connection between the ship and the quay or pier, or investors, or - away lying in the harbor - a Duckdalben.

Beaten Good in water is usually fused put only three times and then shortened, otherwise the Kardeele are then either tapered and spliced ​​into the rope or secured with a whipping. Especially permanent splices are also still " clothed " ( wrapped tightly with thin line ). The eye itself can by pre- attaching a jacket ( formerly often sewn together leather, now mostly a transparent plastic tube ) " shame profiles " against ( abrade ) are protected.

An extremely rare form, since there is no meaningful applications for this is the Augendoppelspleiß, in which one eye is formed in the middle of a rope - alternatively also applicable if no Kurzspleiß can be used to connect two ends or should. These both ropes are successively incorporated into the other with the technique of a Augspleißes.

End or Rückspleiß

At the end of a rotated Rückspleiß ( " beaten " ) cable is separated into its Kardeele and thus spliced ​​backward in the same cable. This different transactions are made at the end of the rope, as particularly complex " whipping ", as a thickening of the cable end for better gripping or place it on slipping through an eyelet to prevent, or as an ornament of ropes ( Bannister, bell rope ). The famous back splices are: Spanish Takling (the actual Rückspleiß ), end splice, tap paw, Taljenreepsknoten, Double Taljenreepsknoten, Fallreepsknoten, Rose knot, star knot.

Kurzspleiß

The Kurzspleiß serves for connecting two twisted ( " beaten " ) cables. For this purpose the ends are separated into the individual Kardeele. First, the Kardeele with a half hitch in pairs, one from each end superimposed. The Kardeele one side are secured with a yarn that Kardeele the other hand, they will begin to multiply mated with the Spleißnagel under the Kardeele the rope and carefully tightened (with rope made ​​of natural fibers three times, when smooth and lehnigem Kunststofftauwerk five times ). Then comes the other side as well. The Kardeele be (mainly in the traditional seafaring ) then either tapered and spliced ​​into the rope or secured with a suitable tackle to increase the service life - merged but usually shorter in plastic only with a heat cutter.

A disadvantage of the short splice is its thickness, which can hinder or even impossible to achieve with running rigging such as the slipping through a block. Therefore can not be spliced ​​all the lines.

Long splicing

The Long splicing serves as Kurzspleiß for connecting two twisted ropes. Opposite the Kurzspleiß it has the advantage that no significant thickening in the rope occurs. However, the Long splicing is no longer valid in the (professional) shipping today as a safe compound, its use is discouraged.

However, this does not apply to "endless" hoist ropes or pulling cables from cable cars or ski lifts. A Verbindungsspleiß in such a typically sechskardeeligen - one speaks instead rather of so-called strands, which usually each consist of 19 single twisted wires ( interestingly, in the same stroke as well as the rope itself ) - wire rope ( with Steaming " plastic soul " ) is approximately 1200d to 1300d (1200 -fold to 1300 -fold rope diameter ) long that can be a total length of about 70 m arise in practice for a splice; this must be after the cut-in and exported before replacing the often up to several kilometers long rope on the ground. Another special feature is that the " Hide " is (ie the actual splicing ) not worked alternately among the strands through, but instead the soul is mutually away at about 5-8 m each, so then the about equally strong braid end their respective can take place. Also, no half hitch is made here in the introgression.

Drahtspleiß

For security reasons, each Drahtspleiß is to put five times. More no advantages but makes the splice unnecessarily long. Eye ends of modern steel cables ( slings, belonging to the cargo gear ) will no longer be spliced ​​, but pressed industrially; thereby also decreases the risk of injury to the so-called " meat hooks " on steel cables (small protruding Kardeelteile, often after breakage of single wires ). End or back splice can not be produced by steel cables.

Alternatively, wire ropes are compressed with compression sleeves made ​​of steel, copper or aluminum or bolted to cable clamps.

Splicing braided ropes

Also, braided rope, which did not occur in the traditional seafaring can be spliced ​​- usually Aug- rare Verbindungsspleiße are common. Basically, this ( synthetic fiber ) ropes differ with a thicker also braided soul, for whose protection a cross or Webgeflecht (mainly in climbing ) around it like a tube is present ( the so-called " coat" ) - or soulless piece of rope, usually called Square Lines for of the square pattern. The Kardeele be passed over a certain length by the other rope simple in principle. The strength of such splice based on the fact that braided rope is a hose which might collapse under load and so bekneift guided through the rope.

The correct implementation of such a splice thus depends essentially on the design of the corresponding cable (actually it's because intertwined and not beaten any more (it speaks for filing by: ) "Cast off !") From - each rope manufacturer or - vendor will gladly provide upon request Spleißanleitungen for his ropes.

• Splicing with braided rope

A Kardeelepaar is returned using a fid in the rope ( there are other procedures )

The remaining three Kardeelepaare be recycled four times parallel to the rope

All Kardeelepaare are recycled - the splice is completed (except for the shortening )

Tool

Indispensable for professionals are a Spleißnagel, marlin spike or the fid and braided rope Fid.