Sakya

Sakya ( "Grey Earth" ) is next to the Nyingma, Kagyu and Gelug one of the " four great schools " of Tibetan Buddhism.

The school is named after, founded in 1073 by Khon Könchog Gyelpo ( 1034-1102 ) Buddhist Sakya Monastery, located in Sakya and Sakya in Tibet Densa ( Tib. sa skya gdan sa) or Sakya Gönpa ( Tib. sa skya dgon was pa).

• 2.1 Significant Sakya master

History

Emergence of the Sakya schools

The Sakya tradition was brought to its full flowering of the " five highest venerable masters ". These masters include:

It later emerged three sub- traditions that kept the teachings of the Sakya Pandita first:

From the former came three further sub- schools:

Khön family line

Almost all major Lamas of the Sakya tradition for centuries incarnate in the houses of the Khon family. This family can trace its origins back to the time before the first translation phase in Tibet. One of the Khön ancestors had been disciples of Padmasambhava and was among the first seven monks who were ordained by Vimalamitra in the 9th century in the Samye Monastery in Tibet.

Suzerainty over Tibet

Against 1264 the leader of the Sakya school Chögyel Phagpa received ( 1239-1279 ) from the Mongol Yuan emperor Kublai Khan's suzerainty over Tibet, who exercised he and his successors until 1354. At this time the Sakya Monastery was the administrative center of the dominated by the Sakya Thridzin regions of Tibet. This also explains the expansion of the Northern monastery to a huge fortress. With the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, the throne holder of Sakya lost their central position of power over the entire region of Tibet. They continued until 1959 secular rulers of their associated Sakya region with its own tax revenue, jurisdiction and administrative sovereignty.

Teachings of the Sakya

The most important part of the tantric teachings of the Sakya was translated by Bari Lotsawa (1040-1112), including the Hevajra Tantra and the Guhyasamaja Tantra. Born in eastern Kham, he traveled to India where he met Master Virupa and then translated various tantric teachings and brought to Tibet.

Therefore, The five great masters based their teachings on those of the great Indian master and scholars Virupa. They took over the Mahamudra teachings and doctrines Virupas many other great realized. Sachen Kunga Nyingpo was considered a manifestation of both the Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva of Compassion and Wisdom Buddha Manjushri of.

He was known for his writings on the Hevajra Tantra in terms of the Sakya system of Lamdre (also: Lam Dre, Tib: lam 'bras, path and fruit ) is known. The great scholar Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyeltshen, also the sixth throne holder of the Sakya lineage, was famous in his time far beyond the Sakya school and beyond for its scholarship in the field of Sutra and Tantra. His treatises on logic became a standard work on the subject.

The Sakya lineage has taken the lessons of the older Kadam school further. The teachings on Vajrakila were transferred to a member of the Khon family already in the 9th century by Guru Rinpoche. Later, this transmission was integrated into the faculty of the resulting Sakya school. The practices were also transferred via Vajrayogini of Naropa to a member of the Khon family. There were further inserted the Kalachakra tantric practices according to the Ra lineage.

Significant Sakya master

• Khon Könchog Gyelpo (1034-1102), first throne holder of the Sakya
• Bari Lotsawa dragpa Rinchen (1040-1112), 2nd Throne Holder
• Sachen Kunga Nyingpo (1092-1158), 3rd Throne Holder
• Sonam Tsemo (1142-1182), fourth throne holder
• Dragpa Gyeltshen (1147-1216), 5th Throne Holder
• Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyeltshen (1182-1251), 6th Throne Holder
• Drongon Chögyel Phagpa ( 1235-1280 ).
• Buton Rinchen Drup (1290-1364),
• Dolpopa Sherab Gyeltshen (1292-1361),
• Lama Dampa Sonam Gyeltshen (1312-1375), the 14th Throne Holder
• Ngor Chen Kunga Zangpo (1382-1456), founder of the Ngor tradition
• Kunga Lodro Gongma (1729-1783), holder of all major Sakya lines ( sub- schools )
• Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (1820-1892), co-founder of the Rime movement
• Satön Dorje Chang Ngawang Legpa (1864-1941)
• Jamyang Khyentse Chokyi Lodro (1893-1959)
• Ngawang Thutob Wangchuk (1900-1950)

Lineage distribution

The present throne holder and also lineage holder of the Sakya tradition is the 41st Sakya Thridzin Ngawang Kunga Thegchen Pelbar (* 1945). The Office of the throne holder changes regularly between the two houses of the Khon family.

Sakya Thridzin teaches occasionally in Europe. Another important champion of this line which gives teachings and initiations regularly in the West, his sister lives in Canada, Jetsun Chime Luding. It applies in this line as human Dakini and broadcasting of Tara, Prajnaparamita and Vajrayogini. She is one of less than twelve masters who are qualified to transfer the Lamdre or " the path that includes the target ". Lamdre are the " highest and most profound oral teachings of the Sakya tradition." How Dzogchen, Coe ( Tib: gcod, see zhi byed ) and Kalachakra belongs Lamdre to Tibet unique and complete systems of meditation practices.

In the Sakya Hevajra Tantra is of great importance, but other Tantras are transferred. In America and Europe, meanwhile Sakya communities have settled. These are also found in Germany.

Rime

In the 19th century, a native of the Sakya lineage Tertön arose ( treasure finder ) Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo ( 1820-1892 ) and other so-called " Rime movement ", collected the cross-group lessons of all religious schools of Tibet and masters from all traditions and practiced.