Salsola

Salsola oppositifolia

The salt herbs ( Salsola ) are a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ). The botanical genus name is derived from the Latin salsus for salty, according to the habitats of many species.

Description

Salsola species are rarely annual herbaceous plants, mostly subshrubs, shrubs and small trees. The usually alternate, rarely opposite, arranged leaves are sessile, simple, and have a smooth leaf edge.

The flowers are borne singly or in part knäueligen inflorescences, which in turn are in paniculate or aged men total inflorescences together. The hermaphrodite flowers are fünfzählig. There are five bloom yet. In each flower only five stamens are present. The style ends in two scars.

The fruit is spherical. The embryo is spirally. There is no Perisperm available. The seed coat is black or brown.

The basic chromosome number is x = 9

System

The genus name Salsola was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum. Type species is Salsola soda L..

The genus Salsola belongs to the tribe Salsoleae s.str. in the subfamily Salsoloideae within the family of Amaranthaceae. On the basis of molecular genetic data were in the work of Akhani et al. 2007 divided by the types of the previously very rich in species (over 100 species) genus Salsola sl two tribes: Tribe Salsoleae s.str. and the new tribe Caroxyloneae, each with multiple genres. Synonyms for Salsola s.str. are: .. Darniella Maire & Weiller, Fadenia Aellen & Townsend, Neocaspia Tzvelev, Hypocylix Wol, Bunge ex Boiss Seidlitzia, Salsola sect. Coccosalsola Fenzl subsect. Coccosalsola and Salsola sect. Obpyrifolia Botsch. & Akhani.

The genus Salsola s.str. contains since Akhani et al. 2007 only 24-25 types:

  • Salsola acutifolia ( Bunge. ) Botsch.
  • Salsola cruciata Chevall. ex Batt. & Traubut
  • Salsola cyrenaica ( Maire & Weiller ) Brullo
  • Salsola drummondii Ulbr.
  • Salsola florida ( M.Bieb. ) Poir.
  • Salsola foliosa (L.) Schrad.
  • Salsola grandis Friday, Vural & N.Adigüzel
  • Salsola glomerata ( Maire ) Brullo
  • Salsola gymnomaschala Maire
  • Salsola kerneri ( Wol. ) Botsch.
  • Salsola longifolia Forssk.
  • Salsola makranica Friday
  • Salsola melitensis Botsch.
  • Salsola oppositifolia Desf.
  • Salsola papillosa Willk.
  • Salsola rosmarinus ( Ehrenb. ex Boiss. ) Akhani ( basionym: Seidlitzia rosmarinus Ehrenb ex Boiss.. )
  • Salsola schweinfurthii Solms- Laub.
  • Salsola setifera ( Moq. ) Akhani ( basionym: Anabasis setifera Moq. )
  • Salsola sinaica Brullo
  • Salsola soda L.
  • Salsola stocksii Boiss.
  • Salsola tunetana Brullo
  • Salsola verticillata Schousboe
  • Salsola zygophylla Batt. & Traub.
  • Salsola zygophylloides ( Aellen & Townsend ) Akhani ( basionym: Fadenia zygophylloides Aellen & Townsend )

Dissemination

When splitting the genus into several genera, the distribution is small for the genus Salsola in the strict sense. The distribution area now comprises the central and southwestern Asia, North Africa and the Mediterranean.

Use

Salsola soda, also called " monk beard" or called " barba di frate " ( recently has the term " Agretti " established ), is mainly used in Italian cuisine, to the young, thick, fleshy, stem -like leaves are raw or briefly blanched and processed similarly like spinach. This type is also used for the production of potash.

Swell

  • Sergei L. Mosyakin: Salsola. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2003, ISBN 0-19-517389-9, p 398 (in the old, broad generic scope ), online ( Description section ). .
  • Gelin Zhu, Sergei L. Mosyakin, Steven E. Clemants: Salsola. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723 X -27, pp. 402 ( in the old, broad genus circumference)., PDF file online ( Description section ).
  • Helmut Freitag: Salsola. In: Helmut Freitag, Ian C. Hedge, Saiyad Hasan Jafri Masudal, Gabriele Kothe -Heinrich, S. Omer, Pertti Uotila: Flora of Pakistan 204: Chenopodiaceae. University of Karachi, Department of Botany, Karachi 2001 ( in the old, broad generic scope ), online ( Description section ).
Olavi Salsola
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