San Francisco Municipal Railway
The San Francisco Municipal Railway, or " Muni ", the municipal public transport company of the city of San Francisco. It operates the light rail to the Muni Metro, the trolleybus San Francisco, the San Francisco Cable Cars, the historical tram lines F Market & Wharves, and E Embarcadero and numerous diesel buses.
History
Prehistory
After the earthquake of San Francisco, in which it one third of the city of San Francisco and many roads of the city were destroyed on 18 April 1906, in the days that built the largest transport company in the city, the United Railroads of San Francisco ( URR ) a Much of the cable car lines around on electric trams. In consequence of the enormous cost of this restructuring wages could not be increased and the working conditions of mobile workers deteriorated drastically since overcrowded truck were commonplace. This led to strikes in 1907, which resulted in part in violence after armed strikebreakers were brought by the railway company from other cities. The popularity of the railway company dwindled due to these events rapidly and after a few tram lines could not be expanded as required, the City decided to set up a local operation. A referendum was held to 30 December 1909 and 31 185 voting in favor of the company, while 11,694 voted against it.
Paths along the Geary Street
The concession operated by the URR, but formerly independent Geary Street, Park and Ocean Railway, was launched in 1912 and the city did not renew it because they did not want to carry on the cable cars that line, but their own electric tramway along the Geary Street wanted to build. On May 5, 1912, the cable car line was closed after the overhead line had been built before. After renovations, the first municipal tram of the city went on December 28, 1912 officially in operation. The line A perverted now from the crossing Geary St / Market St by Geary Street and 10th Avenue to the Golden Gate Park ( intersection of 10th Avenue / Fulton Street). A pendulum line B drove from the Street/10th Geary Avenue to Geary Street/33rd Avenue.
After the concession of the Sutter Street Railway, was at that time a subsidiary of the URR, expired, the Muni took over their tracks on Market Street. The four-track between Sutter Street and Ferry Building construction consisted of two inner tracks, which belonged to the URR daughter Market Street Railway and the two outer tracks of the Sutter Street Railway. They extended on June 25, 1913 their tram on these tracks to the Ferry Building at the end of Market Street, where they drove on a turnaround loop that formerly belonged also the Sutter Street Railway. The URR lines of the Sutter Street Railway now sailing the inner tracks on Market Street. To connect the line from the Geary Street to the outer tracks on Market Street, the four-track system of the Sutter had been extended to the Geary Street. On the same day the extension of the 33rd Avenue went through this, the Balboa Street, 45th Avenue, Cabrillo Street to 49th Avenue (now La Playa Street) in operation. Line B went from there now also into the city center to the Ferry Plaza.
Expansion of the network
1913 took over the Muni is the only line of the Presidio and Ferries Railroad, whose license had expired, and described it as a line E. This was in service from the Presidio to the Ferry Plaza, through the Baker Street, Union Street, Van Ness Avenue, Vallejo Street, Larkin Street, Union Street, Columbus Avenue, Jackson Street ( towards the city ) and Washington Street ( landward ) and Embarcadero.
Opened in 1914, the Muni a non- regularly -used branch line from the Geary Street by the Masonic Avenue to the corner of Turk Street to link the Masonic Cemetery and the ball park, where sports events take place. Additional trains on the line A drove at events and on Sundays there. As of August 15, 1914 the new line H drove from Fort Mason ( loop at Laguna Street) on Van Ness Avenue, 11th Street, 14th Street, Potrero Avenue to the corner of Army Street (now Cesar Chavez Street). The new line D drove from the Chestnut Street / Laguna Street on Chestnut Street, Van Ness Avenue, Geary Street and Market Street to the Ferry Plaza. Another route was taken over after the expiration of the concession of a URR subsidiary. The line C then drove from the Ferry Plaza on Market Street, Geary Street, 2nd Avenue, Cornwall Street, California Street to Lincoln Park.
In 1914, on December 29, the Stockton Street tunnel was opened. This drove not only cars, but also the new tram line F of the Market St / Stockton St by the Stockton Street ( including the tunnel ), Columbus Avenue, North Point Street, Van Ness Avenue and Chestnut Street to the corner of Laguna Street wrong. A line J drove the Ferry Building on the route of the line D to Columbus Avenue and then on to North Point Street on the new stretch of line F.
With the opening of the World Expo 1915 on 20 February 1915, the lines G and I went into operation, were reinstated at the end of the exhibition. The line G perverted from the Presidio on the route of the line D to Columbus Avenue, then through the Stockton Street tunnel to the Stockton Street / Market Street. The line I drove on existing tracks from the Presidio on Van Ness Avenue and Geary Street to 33rd Avenue. The line J went from the beginning of the exhibition to the end point of F in the Chestnut Street. It was also set after the end of the exhibition. 1916, the lines D and F were also extended by the Chestnut Street to Scott Street. Line D perverted from 1918 on Union Street, Steiner Street and Greenwich Street to the Presidio.
Another new line went into operation in 1917. The new line J drove from Market Street by Church Street to the corner of 30th Street. In order to avoid too steep track, pivoting on its own roadbed was built between the 18th and 22nd Street. The line J is the oldest still -used line of Muni.
Tunneling
After the success of the Stockton Street tunnel, the Muni was planning another tunnel. He should run under the twin peaks through and connect the south-western parts of the tram network. On February 3, 1918, he went with the K line in operation. She ran from the Van Ness Avenue / Bush Street by Van Ness Avenue, Market Street, Twin Peaks Tunnel, West Portal Avenue to St. Francis Circle. In the tunnel, two stations, Eureka Valley ( Castro station now unused, south ) and Laguna Honda were (now Forest Hills ). Unlike the Stockton Street tunnel he was exclusively reserved for the tram traffic. Precursor bus drove from Ingleside (Ocean Avenue ) and from the Taraval Street to the tramway. On both routes tram tracks would soon be laid. The K line was extended in 1918 on the Ocean Avenue to Brighton Avenue / Grafton Avenue and now drove as well as the line J to the Ferry Plaza. A new line L 1919 drove from the west portal of the tunnel by the Ulloa Street, 15th Street, Taraval Street to 33rd Avenue.
Two other buses were off about this time. Line 1 is inverted from about 1917 by the end point of the line A through Golden Gate Park, 9th Avenue, Judah Street, 15th Avenue, Irving Street to 25th Avenue. Line 2 went from 15 January 1918 by the terminal station of line B along the beach promenade, Lincoln Way, 48th Avenue, Kirkham Street, Great Highway Boulevard to the terminus of the line 12 of the Market Street Railway at Sloat Boulevard. In 1923 the line L through the Taraval Street was extended to 48th Avenue and on 15 September 1937, the 46th Avenue terminal to the zoo. 1925 went further than the new line M in operation, drove from St. Francis Circle to Ocean View to the Broad Street / Plymouth Avenue. As early as 1939 the line M was replaced by a bus service, but operated from 1944 again as a tram.
Another tunnel was built in the 1920s. The Sunset Tunnel was opened on October 21, 1928 and joined the Duboce Avenue and Carl Street at Buena Vista through. The new line N perverted from Market Street on the Duboce Avenue, the new tunnel, the 48th Carl Street, Arguello Boulevard, Irving Street, 9th Avenue, Judah Street to Avenue. It replaced part, the number 1 bus, which had been already extended on December 15, 1926 Forest Hills to Gennessee Street.
As of June 1, 1932 crossed the line E on Van Ness Avenue to Market Street. A new line of O -inverted from the Van Ness Avenue on the former route of the line E to the Ferry Building. The change was undone early on 15 July 1932. The first route decommissioning took place on 5 December 1932 in 10th Avenue, as the line A wrong last time. The Line 1 was instead extended to the Geary Street.
Takeover of the private street railway companies
Muni took the tram to the Howard Street ( line 35) of the Market Street Railway, after the concession had expired and converted it into a trolley bus. As of September 7, 1941 drove trolley buses on the route from the Howard Street / Army Street (now South Van Ness Avenue / Cesar Chavez Street) on the Howard Street to the Ferry Building. Today this route is claimed not line standard, but is still single track than operational range. The new line received the letter R.
Due to financial problems and outdated equipment and vehicles competing Market Street Railway ( MSR) was forced during the Second World War, to sell the business to the city. As of September 29, 1944, the trams, trolley buses and buses of the Market Street Railway drove under the management of the Muni. It took over a network of a total of 41 lines, including several cable car lines. She put all the electric tram lines of the former MSR until July 1949 in order to bus or O- bus operation. Meanwhile, they extended on December 5, 1946, the H line about former MSR tracks through the San Bruno Avenue to Arleta Avenue. On September 8, 1947, the line F on the 4th Street to the station of the Southern Pacific Railroad and on January 16, 1949, extended over a loop through the 2nd Street back to Market Street. The line K was briefly extended on 1 November 1948, the Ocean Avenue and Onondaga Avenue to Mission Street, but already withdrawn in the 1950s to the depot at Balboa Park, where it ends today. Line E was already been set on April 21, 1947 O bus operation ( line 41). On March 19, 1950 Muni introduced some traffic on the lines D and H and instead opened the bus line 47 Already on 20 October 1951, the F-line has also been changed to O - bus operation ( line 30).
Another tram service there was now still in San Francisco. The California Street Cable Railroad owned three cable car lines north of Market Street. She presented on July 31, 1951 for financial reasons ceased to operate. Muni took over the routes and opened it on 13 January 1952. However, on May 15, 1954 she quietly put the western portion of the line on California Street between Van Ness Avenue and Presidio Avenue, as well as the line on Jones Street and Hyde Street and the short shuttle line on the bottom Jones Street. On 29 December 1956, the company was set to the California Street line and umverlegt the cable into the depot of the former MSR Cable Cars. On the same day the tram traffic ended on the Muni - trunk route in the Geary Street. The lines B and C were replaced by bus route 38. The line C had already been shortened to 1950 California Avenue Street/2nd.
On April 7, 1957, the new cable car line was opened Powell & Hyde, the wrong from the Powell Street to Washington and Jackson Street on previous MSR tracks and then through the Hyde Street on former California tracks. The cable car line on the California Street was reopened on December 27, 1957. This consisted in rail transport now that still operated three cable car lines that were a tourist attraction even back then, as well as the tram lines J ( Church Street ), K ( Ingleside Balboa Park ), L ( Taraval Street Zoo ), M ( Ocean View) and N ( Judah Street ).
From the tram to tram
Already in the 1950s, plans for a rapid transit network. In 1957 the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District was formed, consisting of the counties of the Bay Area. In November 1962 the construction of the BART tracks, it was decided in 1964 and construction began. The construction included a tunnel under downtown San Francisco, which should consist of two floors, the Market Street Subway. The lower floor should the BART rapid transit to travel on the upper floor trams of the Muni. The Muni tunnel should be connected to the 1918 opened Twin Peaks Tunnel, which is a continuous tunnel from the Embarcadero station near the Ferry Building to the west portal should arise. The BART line under the Market Street was opened in 1973, but it was not until February 1980, before the first trams were underground in the city center. The last lines were laid in November 1982 in the tunnel. With the opening of the tunnel route, the Municipal Railway trains new city took in operation, which replaced the old trams. 1980 also the M line was extended beyond its current terminus addition to the depot at Balboa Park.
The tram route on Market Street was preserved and was founded by the 1976 Club Market Street Railway to operate vintage trams used. From 1995 onwards wrong here is the new line F, first by the Transbay Terminal to Castro since 2000 on a new line along the Embarcadero from Fisherman's Wharf. The line was extended J 1992 on a new line along the San Jose Avenue to Balboa Park. The track was completed in 1991, but initially only served as a working link.
Opened in 1998, the Muni tunnel a ramp at the Embarcadero, and a new route to the Caltrain station at 4th Street / King Street. First, however, only one Shuttle wrong line E from the Embarcadero station to the Caltrain station. A few months later the line was extended north to the Caltrain station and set the E again. On 7 April 2007, the new line was on Third Street to Sunnydale Avenue in operation. The line T runs since then from there to the Embarcadero and the orbits change onto the line K. In the opposite direction of the line changes Portal takes place at the West Station. The line T is to be conducted from 2018 through the new Central Subway at 4th Street and Stockton Street to Chinatown. The tunnel is under construction since 2010. The trolleybus overhead line on this route had to be dismantled for tunnel partially, so the lines were 30 and 45 guided toward Caltrain station by the Mason Street and 5th Street, where new overhead lines were built.
Line network
Light rail and tram lines are called the Muni since the opening of the operation with letters, the bus lines with numbers, sometimes supplemented by letters. Many of the bus numbers go back to former tram lines of the Market Street Railway. The cable car lines have in-house line numbers 59 to 61, but the letter designations C, PH and PM are often used to power plans. All lines have next to the line number and a name, it appears in both timetables and on the vehicles. The target display for bus lines containing the line number, line name in uppercase letters and the actual destination in lowercase under the line name.