Sand lance

Mittelmeersandaal ( Gymnammodytes cicerelus, top) and launce ( Ammodytes tobianus, below)

The family of sandeels ( Ammodytidae - what " sand divers " means, because they bite at risk into the substrate ) are marine fish from the group of the perch family ( Percomorphaceae ). They are an important food for predatory fish, such as cod or haddock, and for seabirds such as the puffin.

Features

They are small, elongated fish with missing or far forward ( throat constantly ) standing pelvic fins. The dorsal fin extends almost the entire length of the body, supported 40-69 fin rays, anal fin with 14 to 36 fin rays is half as long, both fins have no hard jets. The caudal fin is forked, pelvic fins absent, except in the genera Bleekeria and Protammodytes. The lateral line is high near the dorsal fin, a swim bladder is absent. On vorstreckbaren mouth ( Saugschnappen! ) is striking that the long ascending Praemaxillarfortsatz with the Rostralknorpel here represents a separate element, so that while he feeds the premaxilla, but its pre-rotation does not participate (otherwise known by any bream; Kayser 1962). The food consists in all mobile invertebrates of appropriate size, and of course ( young) fish.

Sandeels are seven to 40 inches long.

Dissemination

The 28 species of sand eels live in cold and temperate regions of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean. The 20 -centimeter launce ( Ammodytes tobianus ) and up to 40 centimeters in size Large spotted live sandeel ( Hyperoplus lanceolatus ) at the North and Baltic Sea coasts. In the Mediterranean, the 18 -centimeter Mittelmeersandaal lives ( Gymnammodytes cicerelus ).

System

The closest relatives of Ammodytidae are Cheimarrichthys fosteri as well as the blue cod ( Pinguipedidae ), and also the stargazers ( Uranoscopidae ).

  • Genus Ammodytes Linnaeus, 1758 Ammodytes americanus DeKay, 1842.
  • Ammodytes dubius Reinhardt, 1837.
  • Ammodytes hexapterus Pallas, 1814.
  • Small sandeel ( Ammodytes marinus ) Raitt, 1934.
  • Ammodytes personatus Girard, 1856.
  • Launce ( Ammodytes tobianus ) Linnaeus, 1758.
  • Ammodytoides gilli ( Bean, 1895).
  • Ammodytoides Idai Randall & Earle, 2008.
  • Ammodytoides kanazawai Shibukawa & Ida, 2013.
  • Ammodytoides kimurai Ida & Randall, 1993.
  • Ammodytoides leptus Collette & Randall, 2000.
  • Ammodytoides praematura Randall & Earle, 2008.
  • Ammodytoides pylei Randall, Ida & Earle, 1994.
  • Ammodytoides renniei (Smith, 1957).
  • Ammodytoides nerve ( McCulloch & Waite, 1916).
  • Ammodytoides xanthops Randall & Heemstra, 2008.
  • Bleekeria kallolepis Günther, 1862.
  • Bleekeria mitsukurii Jordan & Evermann, 1902.
  • Bleekeria murtii Joshi, Zacharia & Kanthan, in 2012.
  • Bleekeria viridianguilla ( Fowler, 1931).
  • Gymnammodytes capensis ( Barnard, 1927).
  • Mittelmeersandaal ( Gymnammodytes cicerelus ) ( Rafinesque, 1810).
  • Nacktsandaal ( Gymnammodytes semisquamatus ) ( Jourdain, 1879).
  • Ungefleckter Big sandeel ( Hyperoplus immaculatus ) ( Corbin, 1950).
  • Spotted Large sandeel ( Hyperoplus lanceolatus ) (Le Sauvage, 1824).
  • Lepidammodytes macrophthalmus Ida, Sirimontaporn & Monkolprasit, 1994.
  • Protammodytes brachistos Ida, Sirimontaporn & Monkolprasit, 1994.
  • Protammodytes Sarisa ( Robins & Bohlke, 1970).
Acanthomorpha Fish fin David Starr Jordan FishBase
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