Santolina
Green Heiligenkraut ( Santolina virens)
Holy herb ( Santolina ) is a genus of flowering plants from the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). The botanical genus name is derived from the Latin word sanctus sacred and linum flax, on the basis of an ancient name for one of the species of this genus.
Description
Santolina species grow as branched, usually erect, sometimes hanging up lying half- shrubs ( rarely to 5) reach the stature heights of usually 10 to 60 cm. It usually is aromatic odor and usually hairy plants that sometimes form rhizomes. The alternate and mostly distributed on the stem arranged leaves are petiolate or sessile and usually pinnate.
The long -stemmed bloom conditions are individually and terminally. The disk-shaped flower heads have a diameter of usually 6 to 10 on ( 3 to more than 12) mm. The 18 to more than 45 unequal bracts are usually in three ( rarely up to five ) series. The inflorescence floors are convex to hemispherical. There are chaff leaves present. The flower heads contain no ray florets, but only 60 to 250 florets. The hermaphrodite, fertile florets usually have compressed and winged Kronröhren. The colors of the petals range from whitish straw-colored on light to bright yellow.
The usually three to fünfrippigen and hairless achenes have at their head a unilateral Annex is made up of the corolla tube. There is no pappus present.
Dissemination
The genus Santolina is widespread in the western Mediterranean: in southern Europe and North Africa.
In England, Holy herb was first described in the herb book by William Turner. John Parkinson described it but still in 1629 in his " Paradisi in sole paradisus terrestris, or, a choise garden of all sorts of rarest flowers, With Their nature, place of birth, time of flowring, names, and vertues to each plant, useful in physick, or admired for beauty " of 1629 as" rare and novel "
Use
Two or three species are cultivated as ornamental plants worldwide. In England the early modern period it was popular as a bed enclosure.
System
The first publication of the genus Santolina was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum.
There are 24 recognized Santolina species, most of which are grouped into two collection types:
- Santolina adscensionis Maire
- Santolina africana Jord. & Fourr.
- Santolina elegans DC.
- Santolina oblongifolia Boiss.
- Santolina viscosa Lag
- Santolina benthamiana Jord. & Fourr.
- Grey Holy Herb, Holy Herb Silberblättriges, cypress Holy herb or Santolina ( Santolina chamaecyparissus L.)
- Santolina corsica Jord. & Fourr.
- Santolina decumbens Mill
- Santolina etrusca ( Lacaita ) Marchi & D' Amato
- Santolina insularis ( Fiori) Arrigoni
- Santolina ligustica Arrigoni
- Santolina magonica ( O.Bolòs & al. ) Romo
- Santolina neapolitana Jord. & Fourr.
- Santolina pinnata Viv.
- Santolina villosa Mill
- Santolina virens Mill
- Santolina ageratifolia Asso
- Santolina canescens Lag
- Santolina impressa Hoffmann. & Link
- Santolina melidensis ( Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz ) Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz
- Santolina pectinata Lag
- Rosmarinblättriges Heiligenkraut ( Santolina rosmarinifolia L.)
- Santolina semidentata Hoffmann. & Link
No longer belong to the genus (selection):
- Santolina annua L. ⇒ Lonas inodora (L.) Gaertn.
- Santolina suaveolens Pursh ⇒ Radiation lots chamomile ( Matricaria discoidea DC. )
- Santolina trifurcata L. ⇒ Athanasia trifurcata (L.) L.
More images
Rosmarinblättriges Heiligenkraut ( Santolina rosmarinifolia ):
Swell
- Linda E. Watson: Santolina. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: unranked, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 ( Mutisieae - Anthemideae ), Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9, p 497, online. (English )