Shafi'i

  • Regions where the Shafi'i represent the majority

The Shafi'i, Arabic الشافعية, DMG aš - Safi ʿ iya, are one of the four traditional schools of law ( madhahib ) of Sunni Islam. The Shafi'i school of law applies according to the Hanafi as the Numerically, second largest of the schools. Most of the Shafi'i regarded as followers of Ascharismus. It goes back to Muhammad ibn Idris ash- Shafi ʿ ī.

Sources and methods the course of justice

In the defined sources of fiqh traditionally play the Quran and the Sunnah and the analogy ( qiyas ) a major role, while the independent expert opinion (ra ʾ y) plays a minor role.

Ash- Shafi ʿ ī made ​​extensive and, say critics, too little skeptical of the Hadith use, closed Ra'y, the independent decision, mainly from trying an eclectic between the independent legal findings and the traditionalism mediating enter. In contrast, the analogy ( qiyas ) was his main instrument.

According to al- Shafi ʿ Lowry īs Risala revolves mainly around the legal- hermeneutical concept of the Bayan ( explanation ). According to this concept, Islamic law is generally included in the Qur'an and Sunnah, with the individual legal rules arising on five kinds of species from these sources: (1) from the Koran alone; ( 2) composed of the Koran and Sunna, both amount to the same thing; ( 3) consists of the Qur'an and Sunnah, the Sunnah explains the Quran; ( 4) from the Sunnah alone; ( 5) from either of the two sources of law. In the latter case own Urteilsbemühung ( ijtihad ) is required.

Spread of schafiitischen law school

Shafi'i form in the Southeast Asian archipelago ( Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, Southern Thailand ), the very large majority of Muslims. They are widely used in East Africa, Lower Egypt and the south of the Arabian peninsula. The majority of the Kurds in Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran, as well as a part of the Zaza in Turkey and some Caucasian peoples and Avars, Lezgins in Dagestan are Shafi'i. Most Palestinians and residents of Jordan are also Shafi ʿ ites. Furthermore, there are Shafi'i as a minority in Lebanon and Mauritania.

The distribution of the Shafi ʿ itischen law school in Egypt, Palestine, Jordan and parts of Syria dates back to the work of Sultan Saladin, who was a Kurd schafiitischer.

List of known scholar schafiitischer

The Shafi'i established in the Middle Ages the majority of the outstanding scholars of Sunni Islam.

  • Al -Ghazali
  • Al-Nawawi
  • Al - Mizzi
  • Abū l - Ḥasan al - ʿ Asch arī
  • As- Suyuti
  • Ibn an - Nafis
  • Ibn Katheer
  • Muslim ibn al - Hajjaj
  • Al -Bukhari
  • Ibn Hajar al - ʿ Asqalani
  • Al - Bayhaqi
  • Adh - Dhahabi
  • Al - Baidawi
  • Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad - AT -TA ʿ labi
DIN 31635 Madhhab Kurdish people Avar people (Caucasus) Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi Ibn al-Nafis
712126
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