Shaggy parasol
Common saffron Schirmling ( Chlorophyllum rachodes )
The common Saffron Parasol mushroom or saffron parasol mushroom ( Chlorophyllum rachodes, syn. Macrolepiota rachodes ) is a species of fungus in the family of mushroom relatives ( Agaricaceae ). He is considered edible mushroom. However, circling in Central Europe to the other species taxa with partially controversial rank. Of these, the Poison Saffron Parasol mushroom ( Chlorophyllum venenatum ) the Garden Saffron Parasol mushroom is considered poisonous, ( Chlorophyllum brunneum ) may be likely to cause intolerance reactions, at least in some individuals.
Features
He has an approximately 8-15 cm, rarely up to 20 cm, wide-brimmed hat. The surface is covered in creamy white on light brown to dark brown ground with relatively small, dense, overlapping in part, woolly, slightly protruding red to chestnut or gray-brown scales that the hat a " ragged " appearance type (see Taxonomy and Systematics ). Only the Hutmitte is smooth, but not very clearly separated. The gills are whitish - cream color, sometimes with a brownish edge and clearly separated by an annular ring from the stalk. The smooth, maximum fine fibrous, whitish in age brownish discoloring, hollow stem is about 8-15 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter. He wears a robust, sliding in old age and brown on the bottom ring. The base is heavily thickened bulbous. In case of contact, the saffron Schirmling discolored over saffron yellow to brownish. The meat is in the gate initially white, discolored over saffron orange, blood - and brown-red by dirty brownish wine. Smell and taste are pleasant, rarely musty. However, it is raw toxic and must be well cooked or fried.
Ecology and phenology
The common Saffron Parasol mushroom grows in spruce forests, beech, oak and hornbeam forests mainly as saprobiontischer residents of the needle litter of Norway spruce, rarely other conifers. The Common saffron Schirmling prefers nutrient- rich soils, the pH plays a lesser role.
The fruiting bodies appear from summer to late autumn.
Artabgrenzung
The fruiting bodies of the garden - screen saffron compact ( Chlorophyllum brunneum ) have a remote, clearly bulbous stem base. In addition, the hat down to the middle with bright reddish to maroon covered shed. In the center of the hat skin remains continuous and smooth deducted from the remaining surface. The nature likes to grow on nutrient-rich eutrophic to locations outside of forests.
The Poison Saffron Parasol mushroom ( Chlorophyllum venenatum ) is similar to garden - screen saffron Ling very strong, perhaps he is a little more compact, but the stem length does not exceed the cap diameter and its smell is generally described as unpleasant. The simple ring has no running groove. Overall, the macroscopic separation from the Garden Saffron Parasol mushroom is very difficult, the microscopic feature of the buckle loose hyphae is difficult to determine. The Poison Saffron Parasol mushroom is thermophilic and settled very nutrient-rich sites, such as compost piles and heavily fertilized flower beds and greenhouses. Maybe it is a southern European, adventiv only occurring in Central Europe Art
Chlorophyllum molybdites is indigenous to North America Toadstool, but was found even in Europe. He prefers warm locations and is found in gardens and parks. In contrast to the Commons saffron Schirmling he has green spores powder that turns the blades of older fruit body greenish.
The olive-brown saffron Schirmling ( Chlorophyllum olivieri ) occurs in a similar location and also common. It differs from the vile saffron Schirmling by the lack of contrast between dandruff and hat surface. In the literature of olive-brown is often wrongly mapped instead of the commons screen saffron compact.
Taxonomy and systematics
The scientific species name rachodes from Vittadinis original diagnosis is considered written by some mycologists to be wrong. They argue that the species name derive from the Greek rhakodes ( ragged, torn ) from to rhakos ( rags, scraps ) and refers to the scaly aufreißende hat surface. It is disputed whether the species name contains a typographical error and should be corrected, or that the spelling of Vittadini is binding. In 2010, mycologist Else Vellinga has submitted an application to preservation, to protect the original species names.
Not all authors, this group of fungi in the genus Chlorophyllum: They are frequently referenced in genus giant screen Linge ( Macrolepiota ). The delimitation of the taxon venenata or venenatum as an independent species is debatable.