Shidzue KatÅ
Katō Shizue (Japanese加藤 シヅエ; born March 2, 1897 in Tokyo, † 22 December 2001) was a Japanese feminist and one of the first women were elected to the Japanese parliament. Katō was known as a pioneer of the movement for birth control and as a great supporter of reforms of labor law.
Biography
Katō Shizue was born in 1897 in Tokyo in a rich and influential family. She was teaching at Gakushuin and 1914, which ten years his senior, liberal Danshaku Ishimoto Keikichi betrothed, who was employed by the Mitsui Mining as an engineer, which is why they moved shortly after the wedding Kyūshū for Miike coal mine. Here they saw the harrowing circumstances under which miners had to do their work for the first time.
1919 she and her husband moved to New York City, where she trained as a secretary. The two sons of the couple remained while with his grandparents. In New York, an encounter with the birth control activist Margaret Sanger changed her life goals. She decided to also Japanese women bring the possibilities of family planning in more detail. After returning to Japan, she organized a visit of Sanger and allowed this to give lectures. In the next few years they should still invite Sanger six times to Japan.
In 1931 she founded her first organization for birth control, whose chairman was. 1934 was followed by an advisory panel, which was closed in 1937 by the Second Sino-Japanese War. Her husband began to work for the growing Empire and moved without her and the children in Manchuria. Katō Shizue began an affair with the also married Katō kanju, a House of Representatives, later co-founder of the Socialist Party and Minister of Labour. In March 1944, she reached the enforcement of her divorce from Ishimoto Keikichi and married in November of the same year Katō kanju. On March 30, 1945, the daughter came into the world.
On April 10, 1946 she was elected to the Japanese House of Commons and then joined the Socialist Party of Japan at. In 1950 she was elected to the House of Lords and held that position for 24 years until its board in July 1974. 1948 she founded the Japan Family Planning Association ( JFPA ), which is a member of the International Planned Parenthood Federation.
In 1988, she was honored for her work by the United Nations honored (United Nations Population Award), and in 1996 was launched the Kato Shizue Award by Attiya Inayatullah.
On December 22, 2001, she died at the age of 104