Shovel

A shovel ( OHG Scuvala; Schuvel MHG ), colloquially in North and Central Germany and shovel or scoop, in the Rhineland and alderman, is a tool for recording and creating Fort of loose materials (eg, soil, sand or bulk ).

History

The precursor of the blades are known since the Neolithic grave poles. These were at first simple poles, but had according to purpose also is a schnitztes sheet or shoulders. With advent of metals initially only the cut edges of the airfoil were reinforced with metal, were finally made ​​up with the increasing spread, especially of iron, the blades entirely of iron. Blades with iron- reinforced sheet of wood found in the peat until the 20th century use.

Basic design and performance of the hand tool

The blade is mainly used to uptake and transport of the material, whereas the spade better suited to to loosen solid materials. Uses and structural differences between these two basic models but fluent, so can also be used for digging, for example, a piercing blade. But is working default cheaper the use of each specialized device. The bucket can also also be used for leveling.

Blades have a more or less in the longitudinal and transverse direction concave so drawn up sheet side with edges and / or at the trailing edge depending on the type as well as a differently shaped front edge ( Einstechkante ).

As a hand tool, they have a mostly made ​​of wood handle as a handle. This is man usually long, but there are also shorter versions. The stems are often slightly curved for ergonomic reasons. Some blade styles feature a, for example, D- shaped handle at the upper end ( spade ).

A worker may be turning over about three to four cubic meters of earth about one to two feet tall and wide with the blade in a working hour. With very light material, such as peat performance when using a very large shovel like a Halle edge blade may be about twice as high.

Embodiments of the hand tool shovel

• Blades with a larger blade can be used for receiving and movement relatively loose material (e.g. sand): The Holsteiner shovel with a straight leading edge is ideal for shoveling soil and other material masses.
• The Dutch blade is similar to the Holsteiner shovel, but has an arcuate front edge to free digging ditches.
• The Frankfurt blade has a pointed round - tapered blade for digging.

• Smaller blades with a curved blade used for moving heavy soil ( loam, clay, etc.): Bavarian blade with pointed, very weakly curved blade for easier penetration into heavier, rockier soils.

• Piercing blades are specially designed for powerful use to solve harder ground and resemble a spade: you have a straight, usually reinforced trailing edge for the use of the foot to " Nachtreten ": Ansbacher blade with pointed, pentagonal and very flat sheet without lateral edge.

• To move from light bulk material such as grain or light loose materials such as peat or snow is heavily used hollow airfoils: The winnowing fan was a fork-like blade with which the threshed grain was thrown against the wind in the air and thereby cleaned from the chaff.
• A Halle edge blade has a very large, rectangular and flat sheet with a border. This blade is usually, though sometimes with a steely insertion edge, made ​​of light metal and is particularly well suited for picking up and moving grain.
• A dustpan, dustpan or shovel manure, often made ​​of plastic or metal, is used together with a hand brush.
• A snow shovel is a special wide blade which is used for clearing snow.
• The avalanche shovel serves the same purpose, usually with a pointed, sometimes even sägeförmig serrated front edge for use in fixed -pressed avalanche snow, but light and handy, and often performed with folding handle.

• Put shovels or trowels plants are small one-handed blades with long lanzettförmigem and strong along a circular sheet for setting or digging out smaller plants.
• Sand shovels play for children, small blades, often made ​​of plastic and colorful, to play in the sandbox or at the beach
• The hole shovel is digging holes in the ground of.
• Similarly, the Holsteiner shovel shaped, but (estimated) from 9 to 10 tines up the fork to shovel gravel coarse railway track ballast. Only the flexible tines allow penetration into the one another hooking gravel material, unwanted fine grain can be screened out by gently Schupfen.
• The salt shovel was used in the salt production.

Dustpan on a broom

Put bucket

Mechanization of the bucket and shovel work

• The work tools (eg Backhoes ) also referred to as an excavator bucket for holding and movement of soil, sand, etc., they are made ​​more stable corresponding to the considerably larger model and higher load at the grave about working in rocky ground and have often on existing hardened steel teeth on the scraper bar for better penetration into compacted material.
• Also for front loader, there are blades as implements.
• When the snow plow one speaks not of a shovel, but of a sign - it serves the pushing and lateral displacement, the throwing function of the blade takes on the snowblower.