Skolion
A Skolion ( to σκόλιος Greek σκόλιον " crooked, treacherous ") is an in early Greek antiquity on the occasion of a symposium pre- rendered song that was expected of all participants in the Symposium as a contribution to intellectual debate. Here, a myrtle branch or the lyre were served as an accompanying instrument as an invitation to talk to the next guest, usually right around, but sometimes surprisingly crisscross the better singer, from which, according to Plutarch justified the name.
In addition to verses contemporary or older poets who were recited here Skolien were often impromptu seals in the metrical form of elegy or epigram; with popular verses outweighed Two and quatrains. The Skolion the contrary, today's commonly used view No drinking song, as it philosophical or - Policy issues, homeland, love wine, the invocation of the gods or proverbs in one, songs of praise to heroes and tyrannicide ( Harmodius and Aristogeiton ) in the - at that time current otherwise. Here, the singer like ironic or satirical forms served.
Terpander is considered the inventor of the Skolions in the 7th century BC; some songs of Alcaeus, Anacreon and Sappho belong to this genus. Pindar wrote later choral Skolien and expanded the genre. Pindar later created choral Skolien as hymns. The tradition of original Skolien collected in ancient times like a Kommers book, but includes in the presence of only a few texts, including fragments of Timokreon with its polemic against Themistocles and the collection of Attic Skolien, gave the Athenaeus in the Deipnosophistai. It is disputed whether the text fragment on the Seikilos stele may be regarded as Skolion.
The democratization of the Athenian state by Cleisthenes of Athens in the 5th century BC, continued the aristocratic custom of Skolienvortrags an end. The German -language poetry between later Renaissance ( Georg Rodolf Weckherlin ) and Baroque periods ( Martin Opitz ) revived the Skolion from Anacreon model and pseudoanakreontischen sources again, from which the German Anacreontics arose. Furthermore, it provides a starting point of French Grammar fugitive. August Wilhelm Schlegel dealt the first literary history with the Skolion.