Smilets of Bulgaria
Smilez (also written Smilets, Bulgarian Смилец; * in the 12th century, † 1298 in Tarnovo ) was a Bulgarian Boljar and from 1292 until his death, Tsar of Bulgaria. He is seen as the founder of the dynasty Smilez.
Smilez came from a distinguished aristocratic family which had in the 12th century lands both north and south of the Balkan Mountains, between Sliven and Kopsis. Around 1290 came the Bulgarian tsar Georgi I. Tartar function of the Golden Horde under Khan Nogai and became his vassal. As the Bulgarian Tsar to 1292 could no longer hold and after a Boljarenverschwörung lost his throne, the Tsar Georgi Tartar fled to Byzantium.
Smilez 1292, was elected by the Great Boljarenrat, with the approval Khan Nogais the Bulgarian Tsar. 1296 Smilez married his daughter Theodora with Stefan Uroš III. Decanski, the future king of Raszien. Although he maintained good relations with the Tatars, he could not prevent their raids on the northern Bulgaria.
Smilz died 1298th His underage son Ivan followed him to the Bulgarian throne.
Family
According to some sources, Smilez married a daughter of the Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tich Asen, others speak of a daughter of the Byzantine Sebastocrator Constantine Palaeologus.
Literature and other sources
- Jordan Andreev, Ivan Lazarov, Plamen Pavlov: Koj koj ev Srednovekovna Bǎlgarija. Sofia 1999, ISBN 954-402-047-0.
- Jordan Andreev: Bǎlgarija prez vtorata četvǎrt na XIV vek. Veliko Tǎrnovo 1993.
- Jordan Andreev: Tsar Smilez In Bǎlgarskite khanove i zare VII -XIV vek. Publisher " Petar Beron ", Sofia 1998, ISBN 954-402-034-9.
- Ivan Božilov: Familijata na Asenevci ( 1186-1460 ). (Bulgarian). Sofia 1985.
- John V.A. Fine, Jr.: The Early Medieval Balkans. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1991, ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.
- Constantin Jirecek: History of the Bulgarians, George Olm Verlag, 1977 ( Orig: Publisher of F. Tempsky, Prague, 1876).
- Gerhard Podskalský: Theological Literature of the Middle Ages in Bulgaria and Serbia 815-1459. Munich 2000, ISBN 3-406-45024-5.