Solanum pseudolulo

Solanum pseudolulo

Solanum pseudolulo is a species of the genus of the nightshade (Solanum ). Within the genus it is placed in the subgenus Leptostemonum, which is characterized mainly by the conspicuous spines. The species occurs mainly in Colombia, where juice is extracted from the fruit.

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Solanum pseudolulo is an erect or creeping -growing, perennial shrub that reaches a height of 0.5 to 1.5 m. The shoot axis is armed with 5 to 10 mm long, needle -like spines, which can be very dense and are sometimes glandular. Furthermore, the shoot axis is occupied with star-shaped trichomes, which may be long-stemmed, short handle or top-mounted. Trichomstiele the possibility to achieve a length of 0.5 to 2.5 mm, the five to eight side beams are 0.7 to 1.5 mm long. In the middle of fitting Trichomspitzen can be longer as long as the side beams, or.

The paired standing leaves are comparatively small for the section Lasiocarpa: Leaf blades are 9-30 (rarely to 35) × 7-25 cm long, usually 1 to 1.3 times as long as wide. They are broadly ovate or elliptical in shape and relatively thin. The edge is serrated roughly three to four times, the teeth are triangular or flattened triangular. The rounded tips of the lobes form the ends of the side veins. The arcs between the lobes are usually entire. The upper leaf surface seems occupied with simple trichomes, but these are usually sessile stellate trichomes with prolonged to 1.5 to 3 mm medium peaks and two to six very short ( 0.1 to 0.3 mm) side beams. The lower leaf surface is hairy whitish, tomentose with stellate trichomes seated and bestielten. The hairiness of 1.5 to 10 cm long petioles similar to the pubescence of the stem axis. The petioles, the midvein and the leaf per half three to five page veins are armed with spines. These are usually larger than the spikes of the stem axis, but also are further apart. They reach a length of 15 mm and are at the base up to 3 mm wide.

Inflorescences and flowers

The most over the leaves standing, unbranched inflorescences are usually sessile and consist of six to nine flowers that are on a up to 0.5 cm long inflorescence axis. This is open on the bottom tightly with stellate trichomes, spines absent. The flower stalks are 2-7 mm long and extend only slightly in fruit ripening to a maximum of 10 mm. The outer flowers of the inflorescence usually have only short sterile pen.

The flowers have a broad bell-shaped cup with a diameter of 8 to 10 mm. The calyx tube has a length of 4 to 8 mm, which is provided with a prominent midvein sepals are 4-8 × 4-5 mm. The latter are ovate or triangular, often somewhat pointed, erect or spread apart standing, occupied on the back woolly with stellate trichomes. The white, star-shaped and thin-walled crown has a diameter of 2 to 3.5 cm and is 10 to 12 mm long. The ovate - lanceolate corolla lobes are 12-15 × 4-6 mm, acuminate, densely occupied on the back with stellate trichomes, glabrous on the inside.

The stamens consist of less than 1 mm long stamens are fused into a tube and do not have a free-standing part. The yellow, 3.5 to 5.5 × 1.5 to 2 mm the dust bag are elongated tapered, have a blunt tip and, together or inclined outward. They open by small upward and outward -looking pores.

The ovary is densely hairy. The hairless, cylindrical stylus is in hermaphrodite flowers 5 × 0.5 mm in size and dominates the dust bag by 1 to 2 mm. The scar is truncated to head shape.

Fruit and seeds

The inflorescence develop one to three fruits that are orange or yellow-orange when ripe, are spherical and 2 to 4 inches tall. The flesh is yellow to light orange. Unripe fruits are rauhaarig occupied by seated, stellate trichomes, whose central peaks from 0.5 to 2.5 mm and the 5 to 15 side beams are 0.1 to 0.3 mm long. However, until the fruit ripens the fruits are bald.

The fruits contain numerous lenticular seeds have a size of 2.2 to 2.5 x 2 mm. The outer rim is ovate to broadly ovate, the surface is finely grained and colored yellow or light brown.

Other features

The set of chromosomes is diploid.

Dissemination and locations

The species is mainly based in Colombia, where they can be found in and around the Andes at altitudes 200-2000 m. The distribution area extends from Antioquia and Santander up to Valle del Cauca and Huila. Occasionally plants in Ecuador can be found; whether they are found wild there, is not known.

The plants grow as weeds in pastures, roadsides and other disturbed habitats as well as in open savannas and in thickets along river banks. They prefer full sun, partial and partial shade and moderately moist to dry soils.

System

Solanum pseudolulo belongs to the subgenus section Lasiocarpa Leptostemonum in the genus of the nightshade (Solanum ). Phylogenetic analyzes confirm the classification in the Lasiocarpa - or Leptostemonum clade. Among the closest relatives include Solanum candidum, hyporhodium Solanum, Solanum lasiocarpum, felinum Solanum, Solanum quitoense, Solanum Solanum repandum and vestissimum.

Use

The fruits of Solanum pseudolulo are often harvested in Colombia and eaten or processed into juice. The taste varies between tart and tasty to relatively tasteless. Some of the fruit is compared to the "real Lulo " (Solanum quitoense ) preferred the other hand, they are not very different markets. The plants are not cultivated, but tolerated as wild plants in gardens and fields. The local name for the plant are " lulo común " or " lulo de perro ".

Botanical history

The species was first described in 1968 by Charles Bixler Heiser, which is quite surprising, since the distribution area is located in a relatively densely populated area of Colombia. The Style epithet refers to the strong similarity to the Lulo (Solanum quitoense ).

Swell

• PBI Solanum: Solanum pseudolulo profile

• Nightshade
• Solanum