South Stream
South Stream (Russian Южный поток, transcription Yuzhny Potok, Bulgarian Южен поток ) is a planned Russian-Italian natural gas pipeline, which will run with four parallels tubes, inter alia, on the bottom of the Black Sea.
From Bulgaria South Stream each on a train to Italy and Austria should be continued. The transmission capacity will be 47 billion cubic meters a year in the final. Joint venture partners are Gazprom, the Italian energy company, Eni, the French EdF and the BASF subsidiary Wintershall. The cost is estimated at 19 to 24 billion euros.
South Stream is to diversify the supply routes of Russian natural gas to Europe and the dependence of the producer and the consumer countries of the currently dominant transit countries Ukraine and Belarus reduced (see Russian - Ukrainian gas dispute ). South Stream is considered to be a competition project for the planned Nabucco pipeline, which - to bypass Russia - coming from the Caspian region forth.
As of November 23, 2013 has now begun construction in southern Russia and Serbia.
History
On 5 February 2009, the agreement was signed for the construction of the pipeline through the Black Sea between Gazprom and Bulgarian Energy Holding. It provides the originally planned 31 billion cubic meters of gas transportation capacity to increase by a further 16 billion.
In April 2009, another meeting between Eni and Gazprom took place. Eni, Gazprom also plans to participate in the Libyan Elephant field.
On 13 July 2009, the Russian news agency RIA Novosti announced that Bulgaria had frozen the cooperation with Gazprom and was on further planning of this pipeline and other Russian energy projects currently not interested. The announcement of Turkmenistan to want to participate either by existing Iranian pipeline or by yet -to-build trans - Caspian pipelines to the Nabucco pipeline, represents a further setback for the Russian South Stream project dar. So far, Russia has successfully endeavored, Turkmenistan walk away from a Nabucco participation.
24 April 2010 approved Austria in negotiations with Russia to build the pipeline.
In September 2011, a change was made in terms of the shareholders. In addition to the existing shareholders Gazprom with 50 % participation, 20% of Eni, EDF and Wintershall each hold a 15 % stake.
In December 2011, Russian media reported that Gazprom will not lead the route in the west to the existing distributor to Baumgarten an der March (northeast Austria ) and also not to southern Italy, but only to Northern Italy, as Austria OMV competing Nabucco Pipeline operates. Russia has a 50 percent stake in OMV - dominated gas exchange CEGH required, the impact on Nabucco would have created what has been prevented by the EU Commission through any conditions. In the same month, Turkey gave its consent to the construction of the pipeline through the Black Sea. In return, Russia secured the country long-term gas supplies by 2025.
In April 2012, the former First Mayor of Hamburg, Henning Voscherau was elected Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the South Stream project.
On December 7, 2012 Anapa on the Black Sea was officially started with the construction of the gas pipeline in the southern Russian city.
On November 23, 2013 were begun in Serbia with the construction.
In the course of Krimkrise 2014 EU Energy Commissioner Günther Oettinger announced that he would provide for a delay of the South Stream project.