Spatial planning

Subspace order is the scheduled order, maintenance and development of larger territorial units ( regions, countries, West Germany) to understand to ensure the continued use of the habitat. Different demands on space must be agreed to compensate conflicts and to maintain long-term development options open.

• 4.1 Countries whose planning authority and the planning division

Guiding concept of spatial planning

Guiding concept of spatial planning is since 2009 a sustainable spatial development, which brings the social and economic demands on space with its ecological functions and should lead to a permanent, larger scale, balanced order of equivalent living conditions in the subspaces.

Planning includes:

• Summary, interdisciplinary and local spatial plans,
• Cooperation between bodies responsible for adjacent rooms,
• The coordination of regionally significant plans and measures.

Europe

At EU level, the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) has been developed.

The Council of Europe countries committed themselves to the so-called CEMAT Guiding Principles ( Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent).

Germany

Regulated by law is the regional planning in the Federal Republic of Germany in the Spatial Planning Act (ROG ) and the state planning laws of the countries.

Provisions of the Planning Act

The Spatial Planning Act defines:

• Terms and responsibilities
• The guiding concept of spatial planning and principles for spatial planning
• Spatial plans and procedures
• The legal effect of the content of spatial plans and procedures
• The interaction of federal and state governments in the field of spatial planning.

Instruments of spatial planning

To achieve this general outline, regionally significant plans and measures are to be agreed, to weigh conflicting demands on space and balance the conflicts that occur. At the same time provisions for individual room functions and uses of space are taken. The task of spatial planning policies of the countries. You set this through national plans (national plans, regional development plans) and regional spatial plans (often called " Regional Plan") to. The federal government has essentially the expertise to prepare spatial plans for the economic zone and the space observation. Together with the countries it operates in the Ministerial Conference on Regional Planning ( MKRO ) Also, the " guiding principles of spatial development " with.

In addition to the spatial plans include regional planning process and the possibility of prohibiting regionally significant measures to the instruments of regional planning.

Key planning content of spatial plans include:

Objectives and principles: binding and to consider contents of spatial plans

The strongest binding effect of spatial planning provisions have the objectives of regional planning. They are under the legal definition in § 3 No. 2 Regional Planning Act " binding requirements in the form of geographic and product specific or determinable, with the support of national or regional planning finally weighed textual or graphic specifications in spatial plans for the development, organization and protection of the room ". Requirements with these characteristics are spatial planning objectives to which all public bodies and private planning agencies and municipal land-use planning are bound. In addition, spatial plans include the principles. These are taken into account, their binding effect is not so strict. You can can be overcome with enough important reasons.

The feature of definiteness or determinacy is necessary so that the bound bodies may recognize or determine in general what each destination requires of them (standard clarity for the addressees ).

The feature of the final Abgewogenheit the objective of regional planning is necessary because other planning authorities are bound by the objectives. Spatial planning must account for the potentially affected spatial aspects in their decision and make a final judgment ( in the objectives ) ( balancing obligation for the support of the national or regional planning). This means that all the requirements and conditions for assessing the development, organization and protection of the total space and its subspaces with the support of national or regional planning recognized and taken into account planning after their due weight. This includes the requirement to give appropriate consideration of the small-spatial conditions and requirements a ( counter-current ). A non-exhaustive weighed specification of spatial planning is not an objective of regional planning, but at most a subsequent consideration by the urban land more accessible principle of regional planning.

The feature of the textual and graphic specifications in spatial plans refers to legal source and mode of regional planning objectives: firstly, you can only be defined in spatial plans and secondly there only in textual form and draughtsmanship. Regional plans are only plans pursuant to § 8 and § 9 of the Planning Act.

The criterion of fixation for the development, organization and protection of space refers to the law only permitted content of regional planning objectives ( duty to maintain a sufficient spatial planning Bezuges ). Circumstances that no development, order or security of the room ( see § 1 para 1 Spatial Planning Act ) serve to withdraw as a defining goal of spatial planning.

Support of regional planning

The actual spatial planning - in terms of planning - is carried out by the countries. Prepare and choosing your country planning authorities - often together with the respective cabinet or competent parliamentary committee or the entire Parliament - the country plans (often also: country development plans, national development programs, etc.). These plans will be concretized by the carriers derr regional planning further.

Austria

In Austria, the regional planning takes place in competence of the Länder. With the Austrian Conference on Spatial Planning ( ÖROK ) is a transnational platform under the patronage of the Chancellor are available, which also manages the coordination with the agendas of the European Union.

Structure of the Austrian Spatial Planning, Regulation, State and regional development:

Countries whose planning authority and the planning division

• Burgenland: Regional Management Burgenland (RMB) - outsourced company, responsible for the entire process of spatial planning
• Carinthia: Department 20 Regional Planning; 8 regional development models ( Feldkirchen, St. Veit an der Glan, Peoples Market, district Wolfsberg, Hermagor region, district Spittal / Drau, Villach area, Carniolan Region Rosental )
• Lower Austria: Department of Spatial Planning and Regional Policy; 5 regional spatial planning programs (Lower Austria Center, Lower Enns, Wiener Umland Süd, Wiener Umland Nord, Wiener Neustadt- Neunkirchen ), as well as 45 small regional development concepts
• Upper Austria: Agency for Spatial Planning, Economic and Rural Development; NaLa - concepts for Nature and Landscape ( 41 indoor units )
• Salzburg: Division 7 regional planning; 16 planning regions ( Flachgau North, Salzburg's Lake District, Salzburg City and the surrounding communities, Osterhorngruppe, Salzach Tennengau, Lammer Valley, Lower Saalachtal, Upper Saalachtal, Oberpinzgau, Zeller basin, sub Pinzgau, Low Salzachpongau, Enns -Pongau, High Salzachpongau, Gastein, Lungau )
• Styria: Department 16 state and community development; 7 regions ( Liezen, eastern Upper Styria, Upper Styria West, Eastern Styria, Styria South East, South West Styria, Styrian Central Region )
• Tirol: Departments building and planning legislation, land tenure, land use planning statistics; 36 planning associations
• Vorarlberg: Department of Spatial Planning and Construction; Planning regions: Region of Lake Constance, the Bregenz Forest, the Rhine Valley Center, Walgau

Nationwide:

• Countries Eastern Region ( Burgenland, Lower Austria, Vienna)
• Europe regions
• Alpine Convention; an important role is played by the Austrian Alpine Association (University Department of Spatial Planning and Conservation )