St. Anne's Church, Augsburg
The St. Anne's Church in Augsburg is a historic church building, which was built by Karmelitenmönchen in 1321.
Construction
A little away from Augsburg Cathedral and the Basilica of St. Ulrich and Afra, the two most important churches of the city, built in the 14th century monks in today's pedestrian zone Annastraße Carmelite Monastery Augsburg with associated church. In the 15th century the church was enlarged by the cultivation of a chapel with murals. In the 16th century the church was remodeled again and received notable paintings, including Lucas Cranach, Jörg Breu and Henry Eichler. The Fugger family itself was a grave chapel in Renaissance style, the first German building in this style, in the St. Anne's Church building.
In 1531 the school was founded at St. Anna in the premises of the abandoned monastery, structurally in 1613 by Elias Holl supplemented by a newly built school building and library. During the Reformation, the St. Anne's Church was one of the first Protestant churches in Augsburg. In 1607 the well-known city of Augsburg architect Elias Holl built the church tower. 1747-1748, the Central and the aisles were designed baroque.
Fugger Chapel
Jakob Fugger founded in 1509 together with his brother Ulrich Fugger and also on behalf of the 1506 deceased brother Georg Fugger a memorial and grave laying Chapel, the Fugger Chapel in St. Anna. It forms the elevated western end of the elongated central nave of the church.
The Built to 1512, magnificently decorated in the following years Fugger chapel was designed in the Italian style, making it the first Renaissance building in Germany. Especially Venetian and Florentine and Roman grave chapels also influenced the creation of an unknown architect and the artists involved in the chapel. At the design of the church important German masters were involved: Albrecht Dürer, Hans Burgkmair the Elder, Jörg Breu the Elder and Hans Daucher. Dürer created the epitaphs Ulrich and Georg Fugger, Jörg Breu the wings painted images of big and small organ, Hans Daucher designed the central Corpus Christi Group and the putti on the marble balustrade in front of the chapel. The foundation of the chapel was erected in 1521 officially resigned and still exists today. Previously it was believed that the Fugger had made the foundation of the Fugger chapel in fear for their salvation. Recent research assumes, however, that Jakob Fugger tried to prepare with this much admired for its splendor, but also heavily criticized construction of his elevation to the peerage. In addition, Fugger wanted to settle with this innovative and unique structure of the Augsburg patricians and other wealthy families in the city. In addition, the chapel should follow the model of Italian founders perpetuate the name of the Fugger ( " Memoria "). Jakob Fugger died on 1525 as probably the richest entrepreneurs in Europe and was buried in the crypt beneath the floor of the Fugger chapel.
When the church of St. Anna became Protestant in 1548, the Fugger chapel remained Catholic, because the foundation of the Fugger still took care of the upkeep of the chapel. Thus, the remarkable fact that a part of the church is non-denominational different from the rest, and that the grave lay the catholic regarded as strictly Fugger family today is in a Protestant church was created.
Martin Luther in Augsburg
The greatest historical importance was the St. Anne's Church when Martin Luther in 1518 spent the night in the monastery, when he refused before Cardinal Cajetan Thomas, to recant his theses.
After the Diet of Augsburg had Martin Luther from 7 to 20 October 1518 the Fugger houses the Roman Cardinal Cajetan stand by his theses to answer questions. Augsburg was considered the stronghold of the Catholics. The Pope demanded of Luther Cajetan the revocation of his 95 theses. Luther stayed and lived during the negotiation period in the monastery of St. Anne's Church. When he had denied the revocation, Luther fled at night from Augsburg, not to be arrested by imperial soldiers.
St. Anne today
As the 2000 anniversary of the city of Augsburg tourism in the 1980s took a sharp upturn, reached several less visited attractions, including the St. Anne's Church to greater attention. Also, because of Luther nights is this house of God after the Cathedral and St. Ulrich probably the most visited church of Augsburg. Maybe because it acts not as big and powerful as the better-known churches, it is very popular with tourists and Augsburgers.
The courtyard between the Fugger and pedestrian street, the so-called Annahof was restored to its original condition, at the same time but modernized. Under the square now there is a car park. In the square, reminiscent of an Italian piazza, there is a café. Is framed by the Annahof Augustanasaal in the north by Hollbau and in the West where the branch of the Higher Regional Court of Munich is housed by the construction of the Anna High School, today. During the construction of the parking garage they came upon the foundations of the old city library.
On October 31, signed in 1999 in the St. Anne's Church representatives of the Catholic and Lutheran churches, the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. This is one of the most important events for the Ecumenical Movement.
- Memorial plaques in Annahof
Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification
Adam Gumpelzhaimer
Organ
The great organ at the east gallery was built in 1977 /78 by the company Simon ( Landshut ) and extended in 1992 by the company Schmid ( Kaufbeuren ). It is characterized by its location, a typical example of an altar organ. The instrument has 45 registers on three manuals and pedal, as well as mechanical tracker action. The disposition is as follows:
- Couplers: I / II, III / II, III / I, I / P, II / P III / P
- Accessories: 8 translator with 8 groups ( AH) = 64 Combine, sequencer, Tutti.