St. George's Collegiate Church, Tübingen

The collegiate church of St. George in Tübingen was built in its present form from 1470 to 1483 under Count Eberhard the Bearded due to the relocation of the Canons of Sindelfingen and the founding of the University of Tübingen. Architects were Peter von Koblenz and Hans Augsteindreyer.

Before today's church stood on the same spot two previous churches.

• 4.1 coffins
• 4.2 Epitahe

Predecessors

During an interior refurbishment 1962/64 archaeological excavations under the direction of Urs Boeck were performed. Two Romanesque predecessors came to light.

In the older, presumably formed in the 11th century building is a three-aisled basilica with a semicircular choir and two semi-circular apses. The central axis was a little further north compared to today's church.

The remains of the building were younger get much worse. It is believed that there has been a three-aisled basilica of unknown width. Probably had this building already has a portal cultivation in the north. The construction of this church is assumed for the middle of the 12th century.

Interior

The choir of the church, which was built in the first phase, initially served as a choristers' church or priest and church contained a high altar. This was destroyed in the iconoclasm 1536. The former choir stalls of the sanctuary is now placed in the nave.

The stone rood screen separating the choir and the nave in the priests and the lay church. This separation was repealed with the Reformation. As a result, certain Duke Ulrich the choir room for grave lay the Württemberg dynasty.

The stained glass windows of the church are from 1475 and are from the workshop of Peter Hemmel of Andlau, who also designed church windows in Ulm, Augsburg, Nuremberg, Munich and Strasbourg. In the main window next to the founder, Count Eberhard and patron of the church of St. George is to see the Marie legend.

The altarpiece of the folding altar from 1520 is the work of Dürer's pupil Hans Schaufelin, who was active in Nördlingen city as a painter.

The interior of the church was thoroughly renovated in the years 1962 to 1965. This became necessary after cracks had become visible on the facade and in the nave. Result was the reduction of the church on a motion from the timber market from under the south-west facade of the church running along and then turning where the Muenzgasse air raid shelter from the Second World War. Thought for the police and Gestapo office in the building Muenzgasse 13 and the citizens of the city, the construction of air raid shelter of forced labor was done. After the war, the bunker was forgotten and only came with the damage to the collegiate church back into consciousness. After the bunker had been largely filled with concrete, also the movement of the collegiate church stabilized.

Pulpit

The Collegiate Church pulpit is not only because of the many important preacher famous, which were since about 1500 until today to hear and there are, but also as a work of art. In the figure, under the stairs, the Tübingen pulpit males Anton Pilgram an early monument, probably, who later became famous as the architect of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, have set.

Choir stalls

The choir stalls originally belonged to the initial of the presbytery: in these chairs, the university was founded. Today it stands in the nave on the right and left of the altar area. Four pairs of figures carved show Aaron and Moses, King David and Christ, the apostles Paul and James, a nobleman and a craftsman.

Rood screen

As in many Gothic churches the rood screen once formed the barrier between the ( reserved for the clergy ) choir and the nave of the laity, which were carried forward from there the readings ( " rood screen " = " rood "). As with the Reformation found the choir screen, the rood screen were also all over the country away. The fact that it was different in Tubingen, we owe an idea of Duke Ulrich, who in Württemberg introduced in 1534 the Reformation. He made the choir room for grave lay the Württemberg royal house - so they could worship from now on only be celebrated in the ship - and stop the rood screen.

Organ

The collegiate church organ, with its almost 5,000 pipes, the largest musical instrument Tübingen. Because of the particularly successful vote on the space of the church it is able to make services and concerts for special sound experience. The instrument was built in 1965 by the organ builder Weigle ( Echterdingen) and in 2001 by the organ builder Rensch ( Lauffen aN ) renovated and enriched with 508 new pipes.

Evangelist symbols

1932/33, the dilapidated church tower, led by the State Office of Historic Monuments and architect Rudolf Behr has been renovated. Instead of mostly already downloaded broken pinnacles of the sculptor Fritz von Graevenitz created the today still located at the tower four symbols of the Evangelists. The Blocks of limestone required for this with a length of 2.80 meters were in the stone work of Schön & Hippelein broken in saddle village and prepared raw. The sculptures were completed by Graevenitz then only after they had been drawn up by pulleys to their designated locations on the tower and used. The tower is accessible to the opening times for visitors, via spiral stairs and the roof space to reach dealing with a wide view over the old town.

Grave laying

Coffins

In the grave lay in the choir of the abbey church now houses the following graves:

• Count / Duke Eberhard (initially buried in the monastery of St. Peter, 1535 transferred ) in the beard
• Duke Ulrich
• Sabina of Bavaria ( wife of Duke Ulrich )
• Eva Christina of Mömpelgart ( niece of Duke Ulrich; tomb of Christopher Jelin )
• Count Ludwig (father Eberhard )
• Mechthild von der Pfalz (mother Eberhard )
• Anna ( daughter of Ulrich )
• Rudolf of Brunswick
• Duke Christoph
• Anna Maria ( Mrs. Duke Christoph )
• Eberhard (1st son of Duke Christoph )
• Johann Georg (1594-1613), son of Duke Johann of Schleswig -Holstein -Sonderburg and illustrious student at the Collegium
• Duke Ludwig ( 2nd son Christopher; tomb of Christopher Jelin )
• Ursula ( wife of Duke Ludwig )
• Count Wilhelm Ernst von Waldeck- Wildungen

Epitahe

On the walls of the side aisles depend among others, the following epitaphs:

• Agnes Stöfflerin († 1530), wife of King John Sattler Gen. King
• Fritz Jakob von Anwyl († 1540), 1536 Obervogt in Tubingen, was the second son of Ritter Fritz Jakob von Anwyl († 1535 ).
• Erbschenk Heinrich von Ostheim († 1560), Castellan of Tübingen
• Wilhelm von Janowitz, also called the Bohemian (1489-1562), architect and castellan of Hohenasperg
• Hans Steward of Höfingen († 1576 ), Wurttembergischer Council and Obervogt of Tübingen
• Philipp Apian (1531-1589), mathematician, physician, cartographer, and heraldry, a professor at the University of Ingolstadt and later at the University of Tübingen, cartographer Bavaria
• Jacob Kotze (1590-1606), a student who died of smallpox.
• Fritz von der Schulenburg (1591-1613), a student in Tübingen
• Hans Joachim von Grünthal (1576-1639), Württemberg Council, chief steward of the Tübingen Collegium illustrious and Obervogt in Tübingen.
• Johann Conrad von Wernau († 1553), Württemberg knights and student.

Bells

Has The Collegiate Church of nine bells in the disposition h ° cis ' d' e ' fis' gis ' and a' -. , The oldest medieval from the previous church, the most recent from 1963 They differ not only in size, sound and ornaments, but also have their own distinct, sometimes turbulent history. Seven bells hanging in the tower and two more inaccessible outside the tower lantern. The two relatively small bells in the tower lantern, one of which is still operated as a striking bell, are about 700 years old. In 1587, the Collegiate Church Sundials were mounted on the four sides, so you could see how much clock it was, and in December 1587 the impact bell has been moved so that they could hear the hour strike in the city better.

Particularly well known are named after their founders Breuning bell and the Kienlin bell.

The largest bell is called Gloriosa, the " Glorious ", and was cast on July 18, 1963 at the Bell and Art Foundry brothers Rincker in Sinn. The sound of Gloriosa is the h °. Its upper inscription reads: " The Holy Trinity be praise and glory forever. " The lower bell edge is decorated with a two-line inscription: " For the inauguration of the church after the internal conversion of 1962-1963 / town and parish of Tübingen. " It is seldom used: the Tübingen she hears practically only on feast days of the church year:

The oldest bell tolled the Collegiate Church is called Dominica and in 2011 became six hundred years old when she was cast on September 1, 1411 the Masters Adam and Bodemmer. It is 3300 kg, the second heaviest after the Gloriosa of 1963. It is 1.33 meters high and up to five meters in circumference. On her shoulder, standing in Latin " O King of glory Christ come in peace ." In addition to their normal Läuteeinsatz she was temporarily tolled during the graduation celebrations at the university as "Doctor Bell". In 1932, the bell was retuned by grinding out the inner Glockenwandung of d ' on cis'. Experts believe this is an unforgivable crime. Man wanted in 1932 attune a new bells, but were the tunings of the three bells so expensive that lacked the money for the required two additional bells.

Today's baptism bell dates from the year 1963 It bears the inscription:. " He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved. " To its predecessor, there were in January 1720 a dispute after the Stuttgart Glockengießer Christian Reihlente had tried with doubtful success to repair a crack. The bell founders thought that the bell was in order and its sound was only complains when he asked for his money. Still in 1891, the sound of the bell in the Tübingen Chronicle but was referred to as " strange ". At the rim they offer a clear " b " above instead of the expected third above the small underthird "g" and at the top the weak side taste "it."

The church council has the goal to bring the bell with the help of a hammer mill and a keyboard for blades. In order to increase the number of playable tunes, two other smaller bells would be cast that does not oscillate back and forth, but be struck with the hammer. For years pursuing pin music director Hans -Peter Brown the idea to make from the seven bells with hammer action keyboard glockenspiel.

At the turn of 1999/2000 combined Hans- Peter Braun all the bells of the city churches to his great bells composition, sound times '. " From this time, the incident, the bells of the abbey church to make a playable carillon comes ," says Brown. " At Easter, for example, could the tune of, Christ is risen ' sound ," explains Hans- Peter Braun the new opportunities " is also conceivable that the lunch bell tourist attraction could be when getting ahead he was feeling a melody. " He has already written a little song book that contains the playable tunes from the hymnbook in the necessary transpositions.

Events

For many decades, playing on Sunday morning about 8:30 clock winds of Tübingen Posaunenchors from the tower of the collegiate church of the week song and another chant after the four cardinal directions, which can be heard all over the old town.

The motet was founded in 1945 by Walter Kiefner as allwöchentliche musical Saturday evening devotions after the Leipzig model. Meanwhile, it took place more than 2500 times and obtained through regional awareness.