Staphylea colchica
Colchian bladdernut ( Staphylea colchica )
The Colchian bladdernut ( Staphylea colchica ) is a plant which belongs to the family of Pimpernussgewächse ( Staphyleaceae ). In their Georgian home of the trivial name Georgian კოლხური ჯონჯოლი " kolchuri dschondscholi " will be used.
Description
The Colchian bladdernut is a deciduous shrub or small tree with plant height up to 5 meters. Your against permanent leaves are imparipinnate with usually five to flowering shoots but only three leaflets. The elliptical with a length of up to 15 centimeters to broadly lanceolate leaflets have a serrated edge. The terminal leaflet is almost sitting. The flowers are in upright to nodding paniculate inflorescences.
From the Commons bladdernut ( Staphylea pinnata ) is the Colchian bladdernut distinguishable by horizontal to upright, not hanging Rispige inflorescences, sepals, which are spread out, making a tube around the stamens forming petals are free, elongated fruits ( longer than wide), the still hanging on the plant disintegrate and release the seeds. The flowers have a delicate orange blossom scent, they are the largest in the genus. All other Staphylea species have pinnate leaves on with only three leaflets.
The Colchian bladdernut forms of Commons bladdernut ( Staphylea pinnata ) from the hybrids Staphylea × coulombieri André.
Occurrence and risk
The Colchian bladdernut has a small distribution area, which includes the Turkish Black Sea coast, the southern slopes of the Caucasus and part of neighboring Iran. In Georgia, it is found mainly in the region of Colchis, at altitudes 0-700 up to 800 meters.
The Colchian bladdernut thrive on forest edges as well as undergrowth in deciduous hardwood forests by the Hartwiss oak ( Quercus hartwissiana ), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus ), the chestnut ( Castanea sativa), the Oriental beech ( Fagus orientalis), the Caucasian Linde (Tilia dasystyla ) and Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) are marked.
Due to extensive land clearing these Colchian deciduous forests that are dominated by deciduous trees and partly evergreen understory, has today been pushed back strongly and mostly limited to inaccessible mountain slopes and protected areas. As a companion often comes the congregation bladdernut ( Staphylea pinnata ) are present in the same stocks.
The Colchian bladdernut is registered in Georgia in accordance with the law "On the Red Book and the Red List " of 2003 in the "Red List ".
Taxonomy
The first description of Staphylea colchica was made in 1848 by Christian von Steven in the Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 21 (2 ), pp. 276
Use
From the seed oil is extracted. The oil tastes like pistachios and has a laxative ( laxative, purgative )
DC in April, when the leaves sprout, are picked in Georgia, the unopened flower buds and puts it on. The pickled buds called " Dschondscholi ", similar in taste the capers of Real caper shrub ( Capparis spinosa), with which this species is not related, and are used in many ways in the Georgian kitchen.
The Colchian bladdernut and their hybrids Staphylea × coulombieri be planted as an ornamental plant
From the Department of Landscape Architecture at the forestry faculty of the University in Trabzon Colchian bladdernut is also recommended as one of the species, their planting can contribute to noise reduction in the cities.