Stefan Bogoridi
Knjaz Stefan Bogoridi ( Bulgarian Стефан Богориди, gr Στέφανος Βογορίδης, Turkish Stefanaki Bey, rum Ştefan Vogoride. ), Born as Stojko Zonkow Stoykov ( Bulg Стойко Цонков Стойков; * 1775 in Kotel; † August 1, 1859 in Istanbul) was a grandson of Sophronius of Vratsa, brother of Atanas Bogoridi and father of Aleksandar and Nikola Bogoridi. Stefan Bogoridi was Phanariot, Bulgarian origin, foreign policy advisor to two sultans and member of the Tanzimat Council.
Life
As a young boy he was sent by his family to Bucharest in the famous Colegiul Sfântul Sava, where he replaced his birth name Stojko by Stefan. The name Bogoridi he took to the honor of Tsar Boris I of the Baptist. After the completion of the college Bogoridi worked several years as a teacher in Istanbul. Bogoridi joined in 1799 as a dragoman in the Ottoman Navy.
In 1812 he was brought by Prince Scarlat Callimachi in the Vltava River. There he served until 1819 as prefect of Galaţi on the Lower Danube, where a large Bulgarian community in exile lived. During the Filiki Eteria and the subsequent Greek Revolution Bogoridi initiated in the autumn of 1821 until July 1822 Kaymakam (a kind of governor ) Wallachia. After the backlash to the Ottoman troops, he was 1822 Kamaikam of the Principality of Moldavia. Between 1823 and 1828 he was again dragoman in the Ottoman fleet.
After the Russo- Ottoman War (1828-1829), he participated in the negotiations on the Treaty of Adrian Opel in part as part of the Ottoman delegation. For his services there he was appointed foreign policy adviser of Sultan Mahmud II. Over the next 30 years, he participated in all the important decisions and negotiations of the Sublime Porte. Stefan Bogoridi was one of the signatories to the London Protocol, which sealed the sovereignty of Greece. He also participated in negotiations which govern the statute of the Principalities and Serbia, as well as part of the Treaty of Hünkar İskelesi.
During this period rose Sultan Mahmud II Bogoridi to Knjaz ( German prince; Turkish Bey; ηγεμόνας gr ). In 1834 he was appointed by the Sultan to the administrator of the island of Samos. Bogoridi called the capital of the island in Vathy Stefano Polis (Greek Στεφανούπολις ) around, but visited the island only once in 1839. Until 1850 he managed Samos from Istanbul. Under pressure from the popular discontent, he was replaced in 1850 by Oikogeneia Kallimachi as manager of the island.
Under Abdülmecid I Bogoridi not only remained an advisor to the Sultan, he was a member of the Tanzimat Council. He was considered one of the most influential reformers and influenced the conversion of the Millet system, making it the Ottoman Empire promised the non-Muslim population more rights.
In Istanbul Knjaz Stefan Bogori took part in the struggle for an independent Bulgarian church in which he entered in the footsteps of his grandfather's Sophronius of Vratsa. In 1848 he wrote a petition to the Sultan, in which he asks for permission to build a Bulgarian church in Istanbul, where the fair will be held in Bulgarian and Bulgarian priests. In August 1849 he was given a special permission from the Sultan to build a Bulgarian Orthodox Church. In the same year he donated the land and three houses, including the building of the first Bulgarian church in Fener district of Istanbul. The church was consecrated under the name Sveti Stefan on October 9, 1849 in honor of Knjaz Stefan Bogoridi. She later became the seat of the exarch of the Bulgarian Exarchate.
He also supported the Greek school in his home town of Kotel, awarded scholarships for young Bulgarians for its formation in Istanbul, or abroad, including for Gavril Krastewitsch and Georgi Rakovsky.
- See also Bulgarian Exarchate Bulgarian Revival and the Church of Sveti Stefan
Literature and References
- RJ Crampton: A Concise History of Bulgaria, Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-521-61637-9
- Mathias Bernath / Felix von Schroeder: Biographical Dictionary of the History of Southeastern Europe, Oldenbourg Verlag, 1979, ISBN 3-486-48991-7
- Maria Todorova: Stefan Bogoridi. A Bulgarian Phanariote in the Ottoman Empire laughed eden in Oost -Europa in het. Liber Amicorum ZR Dittrich, Wolters-Noordhoff/Forsten Verlag, Utrecht, 1987, p 171-187