Strandzha

P5

Beach Saddle Mountains in Bulgaria and Turkey.

The beach Saddle Mountains from the summit of Papija

The reserve Sredoka in the mountains

Beach Saddle ( Bulgarian Странджа, international transliteration Strandža, Turkish Yıldız Dağları or Istranca Dağları, as Strandja, Strandja Stranja or transliterated ) is a mountain range in Southeastern Europe. The mountain range extends into Southeastern Bulgaria, and the north of Turkey and is part of the landscape Thrace. The core of the mountain extends in a northwest-southeast direction Mountains is composed of gneiss and granite, and is partly covered by Tertiary strata.

The highest mountain is the Mahya Dagi ( Bulgarian връх Махиада / vrach Machiada ) with an altitude of 1031 meters in Turkey. The majority of the Bulgarian beach Shas in 1995 declared a nature park and is the largest protected area in Bulgaria.

The beach damage region is now known for its unspoilt nature with many picturesque old villages and wilderness. Many places and cities like Beglik Tasch, Petrova Niva evidence of the changing and rich history of the region.

Geography

The beach Saddle Mountains, together with the central Tundscha Valley and the Sakar Mountains to the mountain - basin transition zone ( Bulg Сакаро - Стрнджанска подобласт / Sakarsko - Strandianska podoblast ) of the Balkan Mountains out although it continues the altkristallinen rocks of the Rhodope Mountains. The up close to the Bosphorus reaching beach Saddle Mountains are in virtually all parts greatly cut up and divided by a network of rivers.

The transverse valley of Tundscha separates the west, the Sakar Mountains ( summit Wischegrad 856 m ) from which, in turn, to the north in the 600 m high Manastir surveys ( Bulg Манастирски възвишения / Property and waswisenija ) has a tail. East of Tundscha breakthrough separates the Popowska reka the Derwent surveys ( Bulg Девентски възвишения / Derwentski waswisenija, up to 555 m high) from the central area of ​​the beach damage. In the northeast separates itself from this the hill country from Bosna, where the valley of the Veleka represents the dividing line in the south. In the north the Berland extends to the Gulf of Burgas, the Burgasser seascape and the Burgasebene. The northern foothills of the mountain range where it forms Tscheni Wrach with the summit Schiloto (209 m). In the west, the hill country is bordered by the valley of the River Rossen. To the east of the 376 m ( Bakarlak ) is high hills Meden rid.

In the east, the mountain is one in the Black Sea. The coastal area is characterized by a complex of marine terraces, a highly rugged, rocky coast and a variety of estuaries, alternating with larger and smaller beaches. The peninsula between the bays along the Bulgarian coast are characterized by a partially vertically into the sea sloping, inaccessible cliffs (→ cliff coast).

The highest elevation of the beach is called Saddle Mahya Dagi and lies between Vice and Malko Tarnovo. To the south and southwest of the beach Saddle Mountain Range slopes gently to the hills and basins of Ergene valley with its Eocene limestone and marl formations, one filled with Neogene strata and subsequently zertalten sink. The Ergene, which flows north from İpsala in the Maritza, flows from the north from the beach damage a series of parallel rivers. Their valleys are flat and broad valleys, so that a slightly wavy surface prevails. In the west the Neogene plate - country reaches as far up the eastern edge of the Rhodope Mountains begins. The up to 10 km wide plain at the lower Maritsa forms a branch of the furrowed by wide valleys Riedel country. To the east of the Maritsa deltas composed of the volcanic hills of the Hisarh Dag rises at Enos (385 m).

Other rivers are the rise in the beach Saddle Mountains the Sredizka ( Средецка ) Ropotamo, Resowska ( Резовска река ) ​​Fakijska ( Факийска река ) ​​.

Over the mountains of the great eastern north-south migration route of migratory birds, Via pontica runs. Not only during migration can observe a variety of protected train and line birds (among cormorants, pelicans, herons evening, spoonbills, ibises, herons, grebes, Old World vulture ) in all the mountains, and especially on the coast.

In this Bulgarian mountains endemic plant species Veronica turrilliana, Anthemis jordanovii grow, Silene caliacrae and Aurinia uechtritziana as well as rare and protected species such as the Pontic Rhododendron and in the nature reserve Arkutino ( Аркутино ) the rare white water lily in Southeastern Europe.

It outweigh yellow earth soils.

Nature Park beach Saddle

The " Nature Park beach damage " includes almost all the mountains one on the Bulgarian side. With an area of 1116 km ² of natural park occupies nearly 1 % of the territory of the country and is the largest protected area in Bulgaria. The park contains five reserves: Silkosija ( Силкосия ) Witanowo ( Витаново ) Sredoka ( Средока ) Tisowica ( Тисовица ) and Usunbodschak ( Узунбоджак ) (also Lopuschniza ( Лопушница ) below). The Reserve Silkosija is the oldest reserve in Bulgaria. The resolution for the appointment of Silkosija the reserve was taken on July 23, 1931. Usunbodschak was included in the UNESCO list of biosphere reserves of the "Man and Biosphere " network in 1977.

In addition to the reserves exist 14 other nature reserves, among other Arkutino ( Аркутино ) and Silistar ( Силистар ).

A special feature of the nature park are the relict plants from the Tertiary period, as the symbol of the park, the Pontic Rhododendron. About 80 percent of the natural park consists of forests, including forests of beech and sessile oak.

The Supreme Administrative Court of Bulgaria raised to the status of beach damage as a nature park with Decision No. 6794 of 29 June 2007. This decision resulted in the summer of 2007 to protest Bulgarian conservationists who sought to prevent further development of the Bulgarian Black Sea areas. Subsequently, the Bulgarian National Assembly passed a law that made the judicial reclassification of protected areas impossible, and thus was given the status of beach damage as a nature park. On 17 July 2007 the Bulgarian Parliament adopted a new law for protected areas and presented the status of the natural park restored. A renewed judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of the beginning of 2014, the stock of the protected area, however, partially in question.

Further protests initiated the opaque decisions to build the Burgas - Alexandroupolis oil pipeline, which would traverse the park. The construction of the Pipeli was stopped in early 2012.