Suben Abbey
The pin Suben is a former monastery of the Augustinian Canons ( CanReg ) in Suben in Austria. It houses today the prison Suben.
History
About 1050 and 1084, respectively, the existing at this location castle of the Counts of Formbach of Tuta, daughter of Henry of Formbach and wife of the Hungarian king Béla I, converted to a collegiate church for secular clerics. During the Investiture Controversy, the counts of Formbach were on the side of the Pope. This meant that even Suben was devastated IV by the followers of the Emperor Henry. The monastery itself was founded in 1126/1142 by Bishop Altmann of Trent, son of Count Udalschalks Lurn and great-grandchildren Tutas. Altmann stipulated that the clerics in the monastery according to the Rule of St.. Augustine live and that the diocese of Salzburg should determine the provost. The abbey had possessions in Innviertel, in Carinthia, Styria, and in the Wachau and had important Mautpriviligien. Already in 1146 Pope Eugene III takes. Suben in his special protection, and confirmed all the possessions of the monastery and is granted the right funeral. 1236 was the pen by Pope Gregory IX. conceded the free Propst choice, though only in 1474, the first provost of the middle of the Convention could be chosen freely.
On the basis of prayer fraternization can see that the pin has tried to make contact with other monasteries. Propst Saeldt Ulrich (1390-1421) closes on March 27, 1416 with such a rich monastery mountain, Matthew Propst Meemoser ( 1422-1456 ) on September 8, 1625 to the monastery of St. Florian, Provost John IV Heiweckh ( 1493-1509 ) on September 21, 1497 with Abbey Kremsmuenster, in 1500 with Abbey Mondsee, on 10 May 1501 Kloster Neustift near Brixen in 1502 and with the Göttweig Abbey. By the Bishop of Passau, Wiguleus Fröschl (155-1571) was the monastery essentially new tasks related to the care of souls in many parishes of the Innviertel. This work was carried out until the closure of the monastery in 1784.
The counts of Schaubergwerk practiced from 1140 Bailiwick and jurisdiction over the monastery. When the last Schauberger, Count Wolfgang II, died in 1559, was awarded the Pen own Hofrichter ( with lower courts) and the monastic settlement became a Hofmark. In the second half of the 16th century there were numerous complaints in the visitation protocols for bad morale and discipline, the use of the Protestant catechism and of concubinage. In the short term had by the secular authority of the dean Johann Ponner (later provost John VIII ( 1586-1591 ) ) are collected to the conductor. But only by the Provost Michael Herring (1591-1599) there was a fundamental turning point. Provost Ernest Theophilus Scharrer (1679-1696) installed in Suben the Confraternity " Maria Hilf", in 1684 he was commissioned by Pope Innocent XI. pontifical regalia ( cap, rod, ring and pectoral cross ).
With the Innviertel Suben 1779 came from Bavaria to Austria. On March 6, 1784, the pen Suben was abolished by Emperor Joseph II and the monastery Rich Mountain subordinate to the administration. The then existing 23 canons were in the parishes as secular priests perform or have retired their service. So also the last provost, who lived in the "empty monastery" until his death in 1789. Major parts of the monastery's possessions were sold then. The monastery collections (archives, library, church treasurer ) were scattered throughout the world. The remaining assets in 1792 the new Diocese of Linz slammed and served as a real allocation for the Vicar General. After his death, the state moved the rule again. 1809 served the monastery as a hospital for the French troops. Emperor Napoleon gave it to his 1809 Field Marshal Carl Philipp von Wrede. Under his aegis joined a large decline of the convent building and numerous works of art were sold or kidnapped.
1855 bought the k.u.k. Criminal house fund of the family Wrede back. The buildings are used since 1865 as a penal institutions, first the women's prison Garsten was moved. 1875 a men's prison was established, which still exists today. Pastoral care in prison and in the parish since then provided Franciscan Fathers.
Art
Little is known about the original state of the church. On the epitaph of Tuta this keeps a church Romanesque character. It is also still a Romanesque column obtained with a very early capital ( to 1136 ). Towards the end of the 17th century, the monastery was transformed baroque due to the poor condition. Propst Asquilin saddle Berger (1672-1678) built a new provost. Provost Gregory II Raiffauer (1696-1720) continued the construction, in 1696 the majority of the old convent was demolished and laid on September 24, 1696, the foundation stone for the new building. 1702/ 03, the construction work was completed with the construction of the first floor of the east wing. As a guiding spirit for the new building is considered the architect Carlo Antonio Carlone. In the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714), the monastery was crowded with refugees and was blackmailed by the warring parties to huge money buzzer, so that kept the art development in the new building in limits. From Suben from the Baroque Baugesinnung reached out even to the monastery parishes ( Taufkirchen an der Pram, Zell an der Pram, Raab ).
The church was built in the years 1766-1770 under Dean Hamer Ildefonso Schalk by architect Simon Frey (died 1771 in Pullach ). The frescoes painted by Johann Jakob Zeiller. The pulpit dates from Joseph German man who stucco by Johann Baptist Modler. The ceiling frescoes depicting the conversion of Saint Paul. Augustine, the means fresco his glorification and the altar fresco the marriage of the Lamb. The altarpiece, which is also the hl. Augustine is, comes from Johann Georg unrest. On October 6, 1771 Prince-Bishop of Passau, Cardinal Leopold Ernst Graf von Firmian, the inauguration took place. After the dissolution of the monastery, the monastery church to the parish church and the then recently restored parish church was sold ( in honor of the Virgin Mary ) by 65 florins to a surgeon, who made a house from them.
Despite all the transformations the system is still an impressive example of Baroque monastery architecture, because dominated Inn and Subener Bach.