Taphrina
Taphrina crataegi
Taphrina species are strictly bound to their hosts, parasitic fungi on ferns and dicotyledonous higher plants. The host tissue is not killed, but the formation of hypertrophies ( fool's pockets), stimulated deformations ( curl ) and witches' broom.
Features
They have a haploid yeast stage during which they feed saprophob, and a ascusbildende dikaryophase that takes place exclusively on the host. It never ( ascomata ) are formed fruiting bodies, but their asci break forth between the epidermal cells and form a continuous hymenium on the surface of the host. You always have eight spores. In many species, they are also filled with conidia that are pinched off from the spores. In some species, a so-called basal cell is formed by cross-links at the bottom of the asci.
Taphrina species can cause very different clinical pictures:
- Curl of the leaves
- Witches' broom of twigs
- Hypertrophies of fruits ( fools bags )
Species
About 100 species are known, of which about 30 in Europe.
The strict host binding species are arranged according to the hosts:
- Taphrina filicina: An Karthäuserfarn
- Taphrina hiratsúkae: An Ostrich
- Taphrina vestergrenii: On Common Male Fern
- Taphrina athyrii: At Lady Fern
- Taphrina lutescens: At Swamp Lappenfarn ( Thelypteris palustris)
- Taphrina johansonii: An Aspen Tree
- Taphrina rhizophora: At White Poplar
- Taphrina populina: On black poplar
- Taphrina carpini: witches broom on hornbeam
- Taphrina caerulescens: Forms blue-green leaf spots on various oaks
- Taphrina ulmi: Makes small spots and bumps on the leaves of elm
- Taphrina crataegi: Gets adhesions on the shoots and leaves on a reddish Ripple de Hawthorn
- Taphrina bullata: Forms small yellow-green at first, later blackening bubble growths on pears
- Taphrina tormentillae: Forms yellowish growths on leaves and stems of cinquefoil, especially on bloodroot.
- Taphrina prunii: Forms fools bags of plums and sloes
- Taphrina padi: fools pockets on black cherry
- Taphrina deformans: leaf curl on peach
- Taphrina wiesneri: Forms witches' broom of sour cherry and black cherry
- Taphrina insititiae: adhesions on the shoots of plum and sloe at
- Taphrina acerina: witches broom on Maple
- Taphrina polyspora: spots on leaves of maple Tatar
- At Birch: Taphrina nana
- Taphrina alpina
- Taphrina lapponica
- Taphrina betulina
- Taphrina turgida
- Taphrina betulae
- Taphrina autumnalis
- Taphrina carnea
- Taphrina bacteriosperma
- Taphrina alni
- Taphrina epiphylla
- Taphrina sadebeckii
- Taphrina tosquinetii