Temple of Apollo Palatinus
The Temple of Apollo stood on the Palatine Hill in Rome. The temple was praised by 36 BC Augustus 28 BC and dedicated.
The built on a terraced temple was located centrally in the possessions of Augustus on the Palatine Hill, between the house, libraries, and the yard with the premises. The terrace stood here until the first floor of the apartment building, was therefore of considerable height. The area Apollinis, the temple belonging to the sacred area, covered an area of about 30 × 70 meters, in the area around nine meters on the slopes of the Palatine fell off. The resolution passed by a square wall on the front and sides Terrace was designed with a facade to view the Circus Maximus out. The temple itself was located on the north side of the terrace and rose above this by a further 10 feet, nearly 3 meters.
It was built at a place that should have been indicated by a lightning strike on the possession of Augustus by the god himself. His foundation consisted of various complexes and materials: where only soils and possible internal orders were to carry, it was formed from Opus caementitium while supporting foundation areas were built of ashlar masonry. The latter were formed in the front row of columns of individual foundations. Because of fragments that belong to a three-quarter column and half-columns, the temple is to be reconstructed as hexastyle Pseudoperipteros with 6 × 3 columns deep porch. Seven half-columns annexed the outer long sides of the cella. According to the Kapitellfragmenten he was of the Corinthian order. Remains of columns bases or the entablature have not survived. The columns themselves had 24 flutes and a lower diameter of 1.45 meters. The column height can be reconstructed to about 14.50 meters. The final geison lay on a mediating dentils. The roof was covered with marble tiles. Thus was the exterior of the temple, as confirmed Propertius, built entirely of marble.
The literary tradition according to which the tympanum graced a group of figures which had been created by the archaic sculptors Bupalus and Esquiline from Chios. The gable crowned a statue of Sol in his chariot. Ivory panels that showed the overthrow of the Gauls from Parnassus and the grieving Niobe for her children, adorned the door. Received fragments of the jamb show antithetical griffins and a tripod.
The interior design of about 19 × 22 -foot Cella is not obtained. Only frieze fragments with the representation of a three foot and blocks of red Aswan granite could be associated with the Cellagestaltung. Since the caementicium along the long sides has 2 meter wide Abtiefungen, here is the foundation layer of interior trim to suspect whose time position is unknown and could have come from a later restoration. A statue group of the Apollonian triad served as cult statues: one of Latona Kephisodot, an Apollo of Scopas and a Diana of Timotheos. The statue base of this group contained the Sibylline books, the Augustus of the temple of Jupiter on the Capitol here had let bring. Furthermore donated Augustus golden tripods and a golden candlestick in the form of an apple tree in the temple.
The realized by Augustus on its own land and building was in close relationship to the house of Augustus on the Palatine, and was connected with this directly through a vaulted ramp. After the death of Augustus, this compound was abandoned. A non- traditional restoration of the temple is detectable and presumably bring to the Neronian fire in conjunction. The temple was destroyed in 363 AD by fire.
The temple surrounded a portico portico of the Danaids, with columns of yellow marble ( giallo antico ). The hall owes its name to the statues of the 50 Danaids of black marble, which were placed in the intercolumniations, a statue of Danaus with his sword drawn, and the equestrian statues of the sons of Aegyptus.