Terma (religion)

Terma (Tib.: gter ma) are so-called " hidden treasures", religious teachings, ritual objects and relics of Tibetan Buddhism that were deliberately hidden in order to preserve them for later centuries.

Guru Rinpoche

Terma are especially a phenomenon of the Tibetan Nyingma tradition. Guru Rinpoche and his closest pupils hidden in the 9th century, a large number of texts, ritual objects and relics in secret places, in order to preserve the teachings of Buddhism from destruction by the, Buddhism hostile, Tibetan King Langdarma.

Terma lines

In particular, two types of transmission emerged in the Nyingma tradition: the so-called "long" transmission line from master to student in an unbroken line, and the "short" transmission line of the " hidden treasures " ( terma ). The disclosed Termas were later by masters with special skills, so-called "treasure finders " ( Tib: gter ston; Tertön ), re-discovered and handed down to their students. The discovered Termas differ in their nature "Earth Terma " (Tibetan: sa gter ), " mind terma " ( Tib: dgongs gter ) and " Pure Vision Terma " ( Tib. dag snang ). The Terma - masters are often considered incarnations of the 25 main disciples of Guru Rinpoche. Thus was created through the centuries a complex system of transmission lines that are constantly complemented the teachings of the Nyingma schools with "fresh" lessons that were appropriate in each case their time.

Tertön

A Tertön is someone who takes Termas. Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye's signature Precious Lapislazulikranz includes the life stories of 108 major tertöns. The discovery of terma was held up in the recent past.

Nyingma Tertön

Finding the Termas began with the first Tertön Sanggye Lama ( 1000-1080 ). Significant tertöns were:

  • Nyang Ral Nyima Oser ( Tib: Nyang ral nyi ma 'od zer, 1124-1192 )
  • Guru Chöwang ( Tib: gu ru chos dbang; 1212-1270 )
  • Sherab Mebar (1267-1326),
  • Rigzin Gödem (1307-1408), Northern Treasures
  • Longchen Rabjam (1308-1363),
  • Ugyen Lingpa (Tibetan: o rgyan gling pa 1323 -? )
  • Dorje Lingpa (Tibetan: rdo rje gling pa, 1346-1405 ), ( also under the name Bon Bönzhig Yungdrung Lingpa )
  • Ratna Lingpa (Tibetan: rat na gling pa, 1403-1478 ),
  • Pema Lingpa (1450-1521), ( Southern Treasures)
  • Terdag Lingpa Gyurme Dorje (Tib.: gter bdag gling pa ' rdo rje gyur med; 1646-1714 ), ( Mindröl Ling tradition, also belongs to the Southern Treasures)
  • Ugyen Choggyur Lingpa ( 1829-1870 ).
  • Tertön Sogyal Lerab Lingpa (Tibetan: gter ston bsod rgyal las rab gling pa) ( 1856-1926 ), Sogyal Rinpoche 's predecessor and teacher of the 13th Dalai Lama.
  • Steven Seagal ( born 1952 ).

Sarma Tertön

But in the three new schools ( Sarma ) and in the Tibetan Bon occurred less frequently than with the Nyingma tertöns. Significant Tertön the New Schools:

  • Atisha Dipamkara (11th century)
  • Rechungpa (1084-1161)
  • Rangjung Dorje 3.Karmapa ( 1284-1339 ),
  • Drigung Rinchen Phüntshog ( 1509 -? )
  • 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatsho ( 1617-1682 ), Gelug
  • Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (1820-1892), ( Sakya and Rime Master )
  • Padma Tennyi Yungdrung Lingpa, also under the name of Jamgon Kongtrul known

Bon Tertön

  • Bönzhig Yungdrung Lingpa (Tibetan: bon zhig g.yung drung gling pa, 1346-1405 ), ( also Nyingma under the name Dorje Lingpa )

Nagarjuna

In the Buddhist context, hidden treasures, however, are not something completely new. So have been found in India Termas. Nagarjuna, for example, discovered the last chapter of the " Prajnaparamita Sutra in one hundred thousand verses " as Terma in the realm of the Nagas.

Padmasambhava Lang Darma Orgyen Lingpa Sarma (Tibetan Buddhism) Rechung Dorje Drakpa Rimé movement Nāga Yeshe Tsogyal Matthieu Ricard
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