The Green Book (Muammar Gaddafi)
The Green Book (Arabic al - Kitaab al الكتاب الأخضر - Akhdar, DMG al - kitāb al - Ahdar ) is a work of Muammar Gaddafi, which was published from 1975 in three parts. It deals with the form of government, democracy and social order from a Muslim perspective, while at the same time distanced themselves from the prevailing systems of Western countries and those in the former Soviet bloc.
Name
Green is the traditional color of Islam. The Libyan flag at the time of the Gaddafi regime was monochrome green.
Content
The book is divided into three chapters with subheadings and asides on a green background.
- Chapter 1: The solution to the problem of democracy - "The power of the people". The political basis of the Third Universal Theory. Sections: The instrument of government - parliaments - The Party - Class - referendum - people's congresses and people's committees - The Law of Society - Who controls the behavior of the society? - How does the company in the event of a deviation from their law, their direction again? - The Press.
- Sections: need - example of wage labor for the society of wage labor for a private activity, and not worked against wage labor - Conclusion - Other examples.
- Sections: The family - Strain - Advantages of the tribe - The Nation - ( written in black with green highlighted sentences in the text :) The woman - (continue with green subheads :) minorities - Blacks will prevail in the world - Education - Culture and Arts - Sports, horsemanship and events.
As Libya previously had no constitution, The Green Book was regarded as such.
The work condemns the existing systems, and not truly democratic because the people could only determine representatives for whose conduct they were henceforth dependent, but would not itself a direct impact on the system. Quote: " A political struggle whose result is the victory of a candidate with 51% share of the vote, leading to a cloaked as a democracy dictatorial government body, since 49% of the electorate are governed by an instrument of domination, for which they did not vote, but does not impose them has been. This is dictatorship. "After all, the people will be given the right to" fight through the people's revolution to destroy the instruments that take the democracies unlawfully in possession and they escape the influence of the masses. "
There is a proposal of a system is presented that is designed to ensure the participation of the people in the political process through the instruments of the People's Congress and the People's Committee.
It also commented on the rule systems at the levels of family, tribe and nation, which he conceives each as organizations that form on the basis of kinship proximity of the units of the next lower level and believes that Gaddafi are the three levels of society, which significantly shape the social order.
Gaddafi calls his theories as " Third Universal Theory "; which must be seen as an alternative to the systems of capitalism and communism.
Reception
Because of its symbolism as a fundamental work Gaddafi ( regardless of its content ) The Green Book at his opponents is hated. After specimens had been burnt by protesters in March 2011 during the civil war, expressed the Libya expert Dirk Vandewalle of Dartmouth College in a radio interview, the view is widespread that the book does not constitute a self-contained philosophy, but rather a collection of aphorisms Represents the " International studies and Research of the Green Book in Tripoli " provided a constant presence of the book not only in Libya, where it was read in school and often quoted in radio and television, but it spread in many foreign languages. - In German language several editions published by Siegfried Bublies were issued, considered the extreme right.
In addition to the Libyan issue in German, in which no translator is called, there is a new translation from the Arabic of the Islamic scholar and sociologist Heiner Lohmann in the appendix to his dissertation (2006, see references ) and a translation by the English by Hans Schmid in the appendix Gaddafi's vision to book - Conversations and open Meinungsautausch with Edmond Jouve, which has appeared at the Munich belleville Verlag 2009.
To the question "? Dr. Lohmann, what is that, Green Book ' " Lohmann gave the answer: " A myth. It has been often misunderstood as a political theory, but it has no reasoning context. It is used for identity formation. If you read it, you really do not understand it because it is very contradictory. "
The recipients and propagandists in International Studies and Research Center in Tripoli had a different view ( back of the Libyan issue, golden writing on a green background ): "What the thinker Muammar Al Qaddafi really stand out is that he his ideas either from boredom or from pleasure presents, it also has not recorded for entertainment thoughtless, standing on the edge of life people for whom thinking is merely a puzzle game. [ ... ] "
Others
In the season 1987/1988 hockey club ECD Iserlohn made - financially badly bruised - a game long jersey advertising for The Green Book before the media attention the public the German Ice Hockey Federation prompted, the association to prohibit the continuation of the advertising. The association denied after only one more game before it went bankrupt. Whether in fact a contract with Gaddafi was and what financial extent he had any, is not known. The chairman of the association, Heinz Weifenbach had actually visited some time before Libya.