The North Wind and the Sun
Solar and Wind is a fable attributed to Aesop.
It was first translated the Elder from Greek into German in the 16th century by Joachim Camerarius, the most famous German paraphrase is probably that by August Gottlieb Meissner ( 1753-1807 ). Already in 1688 Jean de La Fontaine had published a French version of Aesop's fable entitled Phebus et Borée (German Phoebus and Boreas ). Johann Gottfried Herder also dealt with this issue and provided one of his poems, entitled Wind and the Sun ( see below). The best known in the English language translation, entitled The North Wind and the Sun (Eng. The North Wind and the Sun) was created by George Fyler Townsend from the year 1887.
Content
In all versions of the fable, wind and solar fight over who was the stronger of the two. They agree, one should be regarded as the stronger who can bring a hiker who comes your way, first to lay his coat. The stronger the wind blows, the tighter the traveler wrapped in his cloak, while it quickly succeeds the sun, to bring the wanderer by the heat of its rays to take off his clothes. The wind must be recognized as the winner of the competition, the sun.
The French version ends with the moral " Plus fait douceur que violence. " (Eng. " More causes gentleness than violence. " ) As" Persuasion is better than force. " In the English version (German " Persuasion is better than force. " ) Is played. Meissner's fable ends with the moral: " Ten times more secure work gentleness and kindness, as impetuosity and rigor. " For Herder following morality, we read: " About power, reason, force / power, and leaves us cold; / Warm love of Christ - / Who, the cold it would remain "?
Meissner's prose fable sun and wind
"Once quarreled sun and wind: which of them both is the stronger one and was agreed: one should apply for one hiker, they just saw before them, on the first requisite would be to take off his coat.
At once the wind began to storm; Rain and hailstorm supported him. The poor wanderer with compassion and zagte; but ever tighter and tighter he wrapped himself in his cloak, and continued on his way, as best he could.
Now came the turn of the sun. Vertical and powerful she let fall its rays. Heaven and earth were cheerful; the air warmed up. The Wanderer could no longer endure to the mantle on his shoulders. He threw it off, and was refreshed in the shade of a tree, while the sun enjoyed their victory.
Ten times more secure work gentleness and kindness, as impetuosity and rigor. "
( August Meissner collected works, Sixth Band: Fables, Book V, 28 fable, pp. 212-213 Vienna, 1813. )
Herder's poem Wind and Sun
Meissner's prose fable is often mistakenly attributed to Johann Gottfried Herder, who also leaned on the same Aesopian fable and one of his poems wind and sun (and not ( the ) sun and ( the ) wind) titled:
" Wind and sun made bet Who would have the most power, A poor wayfaring man To rob his clothes. Wind began; But his snorting Indeed nothing to him; the walking man Took off the coat thicker. Wind desperate now and rest; And a dear sunshine Filled with holder, gentle glow Wanderers bones. He wraps himself now deeper? No! As he now throws his garment, And the sun overcame. About power, reason violence Power and leaves us cold; Warm love of Christ - Who, the cold you remain? "
( Poems, Book Five, history and fable, fable 4. )
Linguistic use
In the text linguists gained notoriety as phonetic pattern text which was translated into many languages : The reading aloud of the text, usually by a native speaker of the language, resulting transcription serves as an illustration of a possible phonetic implementation of this language. The fable was used among others in the official reference for the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Previously, for example, the Lord's Prayer was transcribed in its place, as the prayer formula but could hardly satisfy the claim to represent even close to natural language. The cited in the Handbook of the IPA versions in German, English and French are not identical to the texts by Meissner, Townsend and La Fontaine; instead, it is specially made translations, which were primarily designed with the aim to achieve in all languages so far as possible similar plot structure and sentence number.
The German text in the Handbook is:
A phonemic transcription of this text is as follows:
A possible phonetic transcription of this text is as follows: