Tigris

Map of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris

The Tigris is 1900 km long river in West Asia. It rises in the Osttaurus in eastern Turkey, and later runs for a short distance along the border with Syria. After flowing through the Tigris Iraq and united there with the Euphrates to the Shatt al-Arab, which flows into the Persian Gulf. Together with the Euphrates forms the Tigris, whose catchment area covers 375,000 km ², Mesopotamia, in which developed some of the earliest civilizations.

The name of the Tigris

In the languages ​​of the region, the river has the following names: Idiglat Akkadian, Aramaic: Deqlath, Didschla, Old Persian: Tigra, Arabic دجلة Didschla, DMG Diǧla, Hebrew: חידקל, Tigris or Chidekel, Armenian Տիգրիս Tigris, Turkish / Kurdish: Dicle. In many countries in the Middle East to use the name Ditjle, who comes from the Aramaic Deqlath. The names Tigris Tikrit or are common.

The Old Persian name of the Tigris is Tigra. As the river from many tributaries there are some linguists think that Tigris is the plural form of Tigra, since it was formed in Old Persian, the plural with an "s ".

Tributaries

Some tributaries in order of confluence:

• Maggots ( laminar flow )

Left tributaries:

• Anbarçayı
• Kuruçay
• Pamukçayı
• Hazroçayı
• Batman
• Garzan
• Botan
• Hezil
• Khabur
• Great Zab
• Little Zab
• Diyala
• Lesky

Rights tributaries:

• Göksu
• Baglica
• Savur

Swell

As the source of the river Tigris is now the maggots, which rises south of Elazig and by the Hazar Gölü (also Gölcük Lake) flows.

In contrast, the Assyrians held the south of Bingöl springing Berkilin Çay, which flows into the Tigris at Egil (or unites with the maggots to the Tigris ), for the source flow. There are four inscriptions of Shalmaneser III at the outflow of the Berkilin Çay out of a tunnel and on the rock wall northeast of it. announced with a picture of the king and an inscription of Tiglath- pileser I. The inscription of Shalmaneser: "I wrote my name on the source of the Tigris " ( ina SAG IGI e -ni ÍD.IDIGNA MU al -tu -ur ).

The Black Obelisk reports how this inscription was placed on the 7th campaign of Shalmaneser: I went to the source of the Tigris. I washed the arms of Assyria, where the water comes out. I sacrificed my gods, and celebrated a festival of joy. I built a great monument for My Majesty. I wrote it, the glory of Assur, my master, and my heroic campaigns and everything I had done in the countries. I put it here.

Fords and bridges

In Assyrian times, especially following Tigrisübergänge were used:

• Ninua ( Nineveh )
• At Eski Mosul / balatu ( Balad ), is used by the Assyrian king street Harran Sarri between Ninua and Nimrud
• Abū Wağnām
• Tell Abu Dahir, of Cizre from
• Pešḫabūr, opposite the mouth of the Tigris in Sufādere
• Basorin, level of Silopi, north of Chaburmündung
• Bezabde ( Cizre ) on the main road to Mosul

The Al- Sarafija bridge which led across the Tigris River in Baghdad was destroyed on 12 April 2007 by a militant movement by a bomb attack.

Reservoirs

North of Mosul of the Tigris is dammed in the Mosul Dam. The planned Ilisu dam ensures many years of conflict, partly because the historic town of Hasankeyf will be flooded.

Cultural History

According to the old Testament of the Tigris one of the four rivers that irrigate the paradise ( Genesis 2:14 ). According to Epiphanius of Salamis ( Ancoratus ) of the Tigris rises in the paradise that he leaves underground to come to light again in Armenia. According to the church history of Philostorgius the Tigris rises in Hyrcanian lake, identified the driver with reservations to the Lake Van. In Cordiaea, across from Syria, lead numerous tributaries.