Treaty of Osimo

The Treaty of Osimo (Italian Trattato di Osimo, Serbo-Croatian Osimski sporazum, Slovenian Osimski sporazumi ) is an international agreement between Yugoslavia and Italy, which was signed in Osimo near Ancona on 10 November 1975. Once ratified and the exchange of instruments of ratification in Belgrade, wrote in French treaty entered into force on 11 October 1977.

With the contract, the de facto in 1954 was performed with the London Memorandum division of the former Free Territory of Trieste between Italy and Yugoslavia was finally sealed. Italy renounced all claims to the former Zone B of the Free Territory, which had existed 1947-1954 to the port city of Trieste, in return Yugoslavia recognized the membership of the former zone A and thus the city of Trieste to Italy.

Inner Italian criticism

The Italian government was exposed in their own country heavy criticism for the conclusion of the contract. Firstly, a waiver of Istria refused the national camp, led by the neo-fascist Movimento Sociale Italiano ( MSI), categorically. Secondly, the contract linked to the area waiver not with concrete concessions for the protection of the Italian minority in Yugoslavia (reversed the Slovenian minority within the 1963 built Friuli- Venezia Giulia had been granted rights ). The question of the Italian minority protection has been postponed to later, separately negotiated protocols. Many Italians, who had left after the Second World War, Istria, felt " betrayed" by the government in Rome and abandoned.

This delicate situation prompted the Italian government is also not to have it signed by the Secretary of State for the first time an international treaty. For Italy signed Eugenio Carbone, Director General of the Ministry of Industry, on behalf of Prime Minister Aldo Moro and Foreign Minister Mariano Rumor. For Yugoslavia signed Foreign Minister Miloš Minić. After the signing was delayed, not least because of the domestic political turmoil in Rome, the national ratification by the year 1977.

Economic cooperation

At the same time a treaty of mutual economic cooperation and a protocol was signed on free trade zones, amongst others, Yugoslavia free access to the port of Trieste was guaranteed with the actual contract. The practical significance of these documents, however, fell far short of the border treaty.

Continued validity of Slovenia and Croatia

See also: International conflicts of the successor states of Yugoslavia

After the 1991 and 1992 declared internationally recognized Slovenian independence raised the question of the continued validity of the contract for the former Yugoslav republic. This question was, however, mitigated by an express declaration of Slovenia to recognize the agreement. A solution of this question had been made by Italy to a condition for receiving Slovenia into the European Union.

In relation to Croatia (since 1991/1992 independent) is such a clear explanation of yet, this has for Italy but a much less significant, since the Croatian share of the former Zone B of the Free Territory of Trieste is not immediately adjacent to Italy.