Trigonella

Blue fenugreek ( Trigonella caerulea )

Trigonella is a plant genus in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ) within the legume family ( Fabaceae ). Best known are the two types of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum -graecum ) and blue fenugreek ( Trigonella caerulea ).

Description

In Trigonella species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants. The usually well- branched stems are erect to decumbent.

The alternate and spirally on the stem are arranged distributed leaves are petiolate and usually in three parts. They have serrated to sawn leaflets, the middle is usually larger than the lateral. The lateral nerves run out into the Blattzähnchen. The two stipules are fused with the petioles.

The Blütenstandsschäfte extended mostly to fruit maturity. The flowers appear singly in the leaf axils or in pendent, racemose or paniculate short, capitate inflorescences. Bracts are tiny and cover pages are missing. The short, usually less than 5 mm, flower stalks thicken to fruit maturity. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig. The five unequal sepals are fused with five more or less unequal calyx teeth. The five petals are white to yellow, or purple to blue. The inverted - ovate to oblong flag is sometimes nailed wide. The two wings are elliptical. The boat is blunt and shorter than the wings. There are ten stamens present. All stamens are fused Roehrig. The single carpel contains many ovules. The stylus is hairless. Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ).

Rulers to elongate, straight, arcuate or crescent - legume with a net-like surface is sharpened at both ends and contains from one to many seeds. The seeds are warty or dotted. The distribution unit ( diaspore ) depending on the type of seed or fruit.

Occurrence

The genus Trigonella is Mediterranean, Africa, Eurasia and Oceania widespread.

System

The genus Trigonella belongs to the tribe Trifolieae in the subfamily Faboideae within the Fabaceae family.

The genus name Trigonella was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2, pp. 776-778. Type species is Trigonella foenum -graecum L. Synonyms for Trigonella L. are: .. Folliculigera Pasq, Melilotoides Heist. ex Fabr, Melisitus Medik., Melis Situs Medik. orth var, Pocockia Ser. ex DC .. The botanical genus name Trigonella is derived from the Greek words tri three and gonia for corner angle and is intended to refer to the fact that the flower looks dreiblättrig due to their structure.

There are about 55 to 70 Trigonella species:

  • Trigonella adscendens ( Nevski ) Afan. & Gontsch.
  • Trigonella afghanica Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella anguina Delile
  • Trigonella aphanoneura Rech f
  • Trigonella arabica Delile
  • Trigonella aristata ( Vassilcz. ) Sojak
  • Trigonella Astroides fish. & C. A. Mey.
  • Trigonella badachschanica Afan.
  • Trigonella balachowskyi Leredde
  • Trigonella balansae Boiss. & Reut.
  • Trigonella berythea Boiss. & Blanche
  • Trigonella bicolor ( Boiss. & Balansa ) Let
  • Trigonella cachemiriana Cambess.
  • Trigonella cachemyriana Cambess.
  • Trigonella caelesyriaca Boiss.
  • Blue fenugreek, fenugreek ( Trigonella caerulea (L.) Ser, Syn: .. . Melilotus coerulea (L.) Desr, Melilotus coeruleus (L.) Desr, Trifolium caerulea L., Trifolium caeruleum L., Trigonella coerulea ( Desr. ) Ser. , Trigonella melilotus - coerulea (L.) Asch. & Graebn. , Trigonella melilotus - coeruleus (L.) Asch. & Graebn. )
  • Trigonella calliceras fish.
  • Trigonella capitata Boiss.
  • Trigonella cariensis Boiss.
  • Trigonella cedretorum Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella coerulescens ( M.Bieb. ) Halacsy
  • Trigonella corniculata sensu auct.
  • Trigonella cretica (L.) Boiss.
  • Trigonella cylindracea Desv.
  • Trigonella dasycarpa ( Ser. ) Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella edelbergii ( Sirj. & Rech f ) f Rech
  • Trigonella elliptica Boiss.
  • Trigonella emodi Benth.
  • Trigonella esculenta Willd.
  • Trigonella falcata Balf. f
  • Trigonella filipes Boiss.
  • Trigonella fimbriata Benth.
  • Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum -graecum L., Syn: Trigonella tibetana ( Alef. ) Vassilcz. )
  • Trigonella freitagii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella geminiflora Bunge
  • Trigonella gharuensis Rech f
  • Trigonella glabra Thunb.
  • Trigonella gladiata M.Bieb.
  • Trigonella gontscharovii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella gracilis Benth.
  • Trigonella graeca ( Boiss. & Spruner ) Boiss.
  • Trigonella grandiflora Bunge
  • Trigonella griffithii Boiss.
  • Trigonella heratensis Rech f
  • Trigonella ionantha Rech f
  • Trigonella iskanderi Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella kafirniganica Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella koeiei Sirj. & Ind. f
  • Trigonella korovinii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella kotschyi Benth.
  • Trigonella laciniata L.
  • Trigonella latialata ( Bornm. ) Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella laxiflora Aitch. & Baker
  • Trigonella laxissima Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella lilacina Boiss.
  • Trigonella linczevskii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella lipskyi Sirj.
  • Trigonella lunate Boiss.
  • Trigonella macroglochin Durieu
  • Trigonella marco- poloi Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella maritima Poir.
  • Trigonella media Delile
  • Trigonella obcordata Benth.
  • Trigonella occulta Ser.
  • Trigonella pamirica Boriss.
  • Trigonella podlechii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella podperae ( Sirj. ) Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella popovii Korovin
  • Low- Lying blue fenugreek, Reclining fenugreek ( Trigonella procumbens (Better) Rchb, Syn. Melilotus procumbens Better, Trigonella besserana Ser, Trigonella besseriana Ser, Trigonella caerulea (L.) Ser subsp procumbens (Better) Thell, Trigonella caerulea. .. .. (L.) Ser. subsp. procumbens (Better) Vassilcz. )
  • Trigonella pycnotricha Rech f
  • Trigonella ramosissima Meffert
  • Trigonella rechingeri Sirj.
  • Trigonella salangensis Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella schischkinii Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella siunica Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella smyrnaea Boiss.
  • Trigonella smyrnea Boiss.
  • Trigonella spicata Sm
  • Trigonella spinosa L.
  • Trigonella teheranica ( Bornm. ) Grossh.
  • Trigonella tianschanica Vassilcz.
  • Trigonella turkmena Popov
  • Trigonella uncinata Banks & Sol.
  • Trigonella velutina Boiss.
  • Trigonella verae Sirj.
  • Trigonella xeromorpha Rech f
  • Trigonella zaprjagaevii Afan. & Gontsch.

Swell

  • SI Ali: Papilionaceae in the Flora of Pakistan: Trigonella - Online.
  • Zhi Wei & Michael A. Vincent: Trifolieae in the Flora of China, Volume 10, 2010, p 557: Trigonella - Online. (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
  • Entry in the Western Australian flora. ( Description section )
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