University of Duisburg

The Old University Duisburg was officially opened on 14 October in 1655 and 1818 dissolved.

History

Duke Wilhelm V of Jülich- Kleve - Berg ( called William the Rich ) summarized in 1555 the decision to found his own country State University to create a spiritual center for its Lower Rhine duchies. For this purpose it was necessary to obtain a permit from the Emperor and Pope Pius IV, the very hesitant, however, responded to the suggestion of the Duke.

Meanwhile, preparations were made ​​for the creation of a university in Duisburg. So, in 1559, the academic high school in Duisburg his teaching under the direction of the humanist Heinrich Castritius on. The famous cartographer Gerhard Mercator taught there from 1559 to 1562 geometry, mathematics and cosmology. This school is the successor of the newly established Latin School in 1280 and the predecessor of today's Landfermann Gymnasium.

In 1564 the Duchy finally received papal permission and in 1566 the imperial privilege of establishing the university. The city had been actively trying to awarding the privilege by Emperor Maximilian II. Among other things, the Council Corputius John had recruited, so that his bird's-eye view of the city devoted to the Emperor and held back the release until the forthcoming Reichstag in Augsburg.

The University, however, was only almost 90 years later, founded in 1654 after the acquisition of the Duchy of Cleves by the Electorate of Brandenburg ( 1614) by Elector Friedrich Wilhelm of Brandenburg and took her teaching on October 14, 1655 by solemn opening in the presence of Prince John Maurice of Nassau- Siegen, the governor of the Elector of Brandenburg in the Duchy of Cleves, on.

Founding rector of the university was the professor of theology and philosophy Johannes Clauberg, who taught until his death in 1665 in Duisburg.

The university had four faculties: a theological, legal, medical and philosophical. It was thus one for that time fully equipped university. For the next hundred years it was the educational center of almost all doctors, senior officials and Reformed pastor of the West Prussian provinces.

1727 was one of the first Jews in a German University Abraham Philip Levy (* 1690, † 1770 or 1785 ), son of Trier doctor and Rabbi Philip Levy ( 1662-1725 ), a doctorate in Duisburg for Dr. med. 1733 were ( in order from 1715 to 1802 ) from Neuwied Moyses Abraham Wolf - enrolled and Jacob Baer Gomperzes from Kleve in Duisburg - later physician to the Elector of Cologne.

The End of the University

As a state university in a reformed dynasty, the establishment was, however, soon to compete with the better-equipped and not far away from Duisburg Dutch universities. Since only about one third of the inhabitants were reformed in the West Prussian provinces, sent in the second half of the 18th century, most Lutheran and Catholic citizens their sons to other universities.

The university fell into disrepair and was on 18 October 1818 due to a cabinet order of Frederick William III. officially lifted. At the same time, the University of Bonn was founded. Large parts of the Duisburg University Library were moved to Bonn and formed the foundation of the newly formed Bonner library. Likewise, the University of Duisburg University scepter came to Bonn, where it is up to today.

Only in 1968 was the city of Duisburg with the College of Education re a college. She received further specialist areas and in 1994 after the end of the phase as a whole high school the name of Gerhard Mercator University and was merged in 2003 with the University of Essen to the new University of Duisburg-Essen. Requirements of the new Duisburg University to the University of Bonn for the surrender of the University Library of the old University of Duisburg and the University scepter were fated always turned down in the past.

Professors

  • John Clauberg (* 1622, † 1665), theologian and philosopher
  • Heinrich Adolph Grimm ( * 1747, † 1813), theologian
  • Friedrich Adolf Krummenacher (* 1767, † 1845), theologian
  • Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost (* 1715, † 1794), physicians
  • Anton Wilhelm Möller ( * 1762, † 1846), theologian
  • Pieter van Musschenbroek (* 1692, † 1761), physicians
  • Johann Georg Graevius (* 1632, † 1703); Philosopher and historian
  • Johann Hildebrand Withof (* 1694, † 1769); philologist
  • Konrad Jakob Carstanjen (* 1763, † 1840); doctor

Students

  • Heinrich Freiherr von Huyssen (* 1666, † 1739 ), diplomat and advisor to Peter the Great
  • Carl Arnold Kortum (* 1745, † 1824), physician and poet
  • Christoph Wilhelm Heinrich Sethe (* 1767, † 1855), a lawyer
  • August von Kotzebue, (* 1761, † 1819), poet
  • Johann Philipp Lorenz Withof (* 1725, † 1789), physicians
  • Ludwig iron Huth ( * 1791 Ratingen, † December 26, 1841 holders ), medical
Landfermann-Gymnasium John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen Catholicism Friedrich Adolf Krummacher
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