University of Salamanca
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The University of Salamanca (Spanish: Universidad de Salamanca, Latin: Universitas Studii Salamanticensis ) is located in Salamanca, Spain's oldest university and one of the oldest universities in Europe. It currently has about 38,000 students.
History
The university was as a " General School of the Kingdom " by the Leonese king Alfonso IX. founded in 1218, so that the inhabitants of the Kingdom of León could study in their realm and did not have to Castile. On May 8, 1254 King Alfonso X. regulated in a Memorandum their elevation to the rank of a university. At the same time he applied to Pope Alexander IV, the general recognition awarded by their academic degrees. The pontiff granted this request in a papal bull of 1255 its agreement in principle.
Some buildings were built in the style Plateresque. When Columbus campaigned at the Spanish royal couple Isabella I and Ferdinand II to support his expedition to India, he did so in a lecture to the University of Salamanca geographers.
With Francisco de Vitoria, the School of Salamanca was founded from 1526, which formed the core of the Spanish Late Scholasticism. Students Vitoria became the founders of modern natural law theory and classical economics.
At the end of the golden age of Spain ( 1550-1650 ) the quality of academic education declined in all Spanish universities. The level of professors and students and the reputation of the university declined from then. Besides the University of Salamanca, there are in the city since 1940, the Pontifical University of Salamanca, where the 1852 by the Spanish government dissolved the former faculties of theology and canon law were re-established.
University today
Today, the university is home to some of the most prestigious research institutes in Europe. In collaboration with the University of Cambridge in 1989, she developed the Association of Language Testers in Europe ( ALTE). At the University of Salamanca large parts of the examinations of the Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera (DELE ) are designed and checked.
The University of Salamanca also has a partnership with the University of Ansbach in Germany and the Alpen- Adria-Universität Klagenfurt in Austria.
Famous alumni and professors
- Antonio de Nebrija (1444-1522), Spanish humanist
- Francisco de Vitoria ( 1483-1546 to ), a Catholic moral theologian
- Hernán Cortés (1485-1547), Spanish conquistador
- Martin de Azpilcueta (1492-1586), Spanish theologian
- Domingo de Soto (1494-1560)
- Alfonso de Castro (1495-1558), Spanish theologian
- Pedro de Soto (c. 1495-1563 ), Spanish theologian
- Diego de Covarrubias y Leyva (1512-1577), Spanish church lawyer
- Fernando Vázquez de Menchaca (1512-1566), Spanish jurist
- Luis de León (1527-1591), Spanish poet
- St. John of the Cross ( San Juan de la Cruz ) ( 1542-1591 )
- Gregory of Valencia (1549-1603), Spanish ( acting in Bavaria) Jesuit and theologian
- Sebastian de Vivanco (around 1550-1622 ), Spanish composer
- Luis de Góngora (1561-1627), Spanish poet
- Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil (1571-1626), Irish theologian, Franciscan and Archbishop
- Gaspar de Guzmán (1587-1645), Spanish politician
- Pedro Calderon de la Barca (1600-1681), Spanish poet
- Cardinal Jules Mazarin (1602-1661), French cardinal
- Gaspar Sanz (1640-1710), Spanish composer and guitarist of the Baroque
- Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936), Spanish philosopher
- Abd el-Krim (1882-1963)
- Pedro Salinas (1891-1951), Spanish writer
- Adolfo Suárez ( born 1932 ), Spanish politician