VÃtkovice (Ostrava)
Vitkovice ( German Witkowitz) is a municipality of the statutory Ostrava in the Czech Republic. It is located three kilometers south of the center of Ostrava.
Geography
Vitkovice is on the left of Ostravice in the Ostrava basin. The district is the state road 56 Frýdek -Místek after Hlučín and 11 of Opava lead to Šenov.
Neighbouring districts are Moravian Ostrava and Slezská Ostrava in the north, Radvanice in the northeast, and Kunčičky Kunčice in the east, in the southeast Hrabůvka, Dubina in the south, Bělský Les in the southwest, Zábřeh in the west and Hulváky in the northwest.
History
The first written mention of Witch Dorff was in 1357, when the brothers Peter and John of Paskov confirmed the Erbgerichtsbarkeit her cousin Michael. The town's name probably derives from Witek of Wigstein, which was in 1369 invested with the episcopal castle looking stone. At the beginning of the 15th century the village came to power Hochwald and has been using this pledged by Emperor Sigismund to Nicholas Sokol of Lamberg. 1581 was the village of 12 property and had between 80 to 100 people. Until 1772 the number of inhabitants had grown to 233. Up to the first third of the 19th century Witkowitz remained a farming community.
1828 was the Olomouc archbishop Rainer Rudolf north of the village an iron works, the first in the kk Monarchy after the puddling process worked, edify. After the bishop had died three years later, Salomon Rothschild was anxious to acquire belonging to the Archbishop's iron works in Friedland modern and profitable Rudolfshutte by the chapter, which he succeeded in 1843. In the meantime, let the operating consortium in 1836 to expand the work to a coke oven and three years later to a rolling mill. 1843, Witkowitz 328 inhabitants.
From 1850 formed Witkowitz a municipality in the district Mistek. Rothschild, who also financed the construction of the Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway, was from the Moravian Ostrava station in Priwoz a connecting train to his Vítkovice works and the pit Caroline built, which was completed in 1855. The Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway bought the mine train and built it from 1862 to 1870, Michalkowitz and eventually to Dombrowa and Orlau. Among the Rothschilds workers settlement New Witkowitz arose. The Vítkovice Founded in 1873, mining and metallurgical union was the largest iron and steel works of the Habsburg monarchy. For the ironworkers created tenements and colonies. The town grew rapidly and the workers not only came from Moravia and Austrian Silesia but also migrated from the German Reich, Russian Poland and Galicia. 1880 Witkowitz had a share of 57% of iron production in Moravia and Austrian Silesia. 1885 were the metal works Dingo -dienes steel and the cement factory of Adolf sweetness & Comp. founded. 1888, the church and a little later a synagogue was built. Opened in 1891 Witkowitz the coal mine Louis. Below is more smaller companies settled. 1902 a town hall was built and the industrial community received a urban infrastructure. On December 11, 1908 Witkowitz was raised by Emperor Franz Joseph I to the city.
1910 lived in the city of over 23,000 people. This number rose to 1921 still on 27,359. In the iron works and machine shops of the town about 22,200 people were employed at that time. In 1924 Witkowitz / Vitkovice was incorporated as part of plans to create a "Greater Ostrava " by Moravian Ostrava. After the Second World War the building structure in Vitkovice was severely neglected and the end of the 1960s began a partial demolition of dilapidated Gründerzeithäuser for the expansion of the steel plant. The Vítkovice mining and metallurgical union were nationalized in 1948 and renamed in the 1950s after the late leader Klement Gottwald in " Klement Gottwald iron works." In the 1970s began with the construction of a large housing estate on the green meadow to the west to Zábřeh. After the Velvet Revolution began in 1989, the renovation of the old buildings of Vitkovice and the preservation of industrial monuments. In 1990, the Municipality Vitkovice. In 1991, the city had 7292 inhabitants. In 2001 Vitkovice consisted of 708 houses, where 7518 people lived.
Sports
On the corridor border Zábřeh is the ČEZ Aréna. It is the venue for the ice hockey club HC Vitkovice founded in 1928 Steel. Since 1919, is headquartered in the city of football club FC Vitkovice.
Structure
Districts are not designated for the district of Vitkovice. It consists of the Katastralbezirken Vitkovice and Zábřeh - vz.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Viktor von Scheuchenstuel (1857-1938), General
- Eduard Pant (1887-1938), journalist and politician
- Karl Brand (1895-1917), poet
- Alexander Sacher -Masoch (1901-1972), Austrian writer
- Ilse Weber (1903-1944), Czech writer
- Leopold Ludwig (1908-1979), German Kapellmeister
- Joseph Black (1910-1985), German politician
- Miroslav Klega (1926-1993), Czech composer
Attractions
- Vítkovice works, the blast furnace and the iron foundry coke plant were declared a national cultural monument in 2002
- Vitkovice castle, built 1846-1847 as for Salomon Rothschild, now owned by the Vitkovice Holding
- Neo-Gothic parish church of St. Paul, built in 1888
- Zeche Eremenko, formerly mine Louis, technical monument
- City Hall, built in 1902