William Holman Hunt

William Holman Hunt ( born April 2, 1827 in London, † September 7, 1910 ) was a British painter and one of the founders of the group the Pre-Raphaelites.

Life and work

William Holman Hunt was the son of a department store operator and initially began an apprenticeship as a commercial clerk. He took drawing classes and made to pattern designs. Between 1834 and 1844 he worked as a copyist in the British Museum and the National Gallery. In 1843 he competed at the Royal Academy Schools in London and was admitted at his third attempt in 1845. 1848 Hunt was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. He admired John Ruskin's multi-volume work Modern Painters in 1843 and the poems of John Keats. With John Everett Millais he befriended.

In the same year of 1848 he exhibited at the Royal Academy from its plant in St. Agnes Eve, which was admired by Ruskin and is considered the first präraffaelitisches paintings. As a devout Anglican Hunt emphasized the moral seriousness of this movement. The work A converted British Family hides a missionary from the persecution of the Druids learned in 1850 because of its sharp uncompromising fidelity criticism. Another painting entitled Two Gentlemen of Verona in 1851 also found no favorable reception from the audience. Hunt thought of emigrating to it. Ruskin's praise of three works in the following years, The Hireling (1852 ), The Light of the world (1851 /56) and Awakening Conscience (1853 ), let him refrain from such plans again.

In January 1854 he went on a trip to the Holy Land; In 1856 he returned to London. In the painting The Finding of Jesus in the Temple, which he sold in 1860, Hunt secured his finances and his reputation as an artist. In 1865 he married Fanny Waugh, who died in Florence a year later at the birth of the Son of Cyril. Hunt married in 1875 one more time, and that Fanny's sister Edith. Between 1869 and 1878 he made several more trips to Greece, Italy and Egypt, and in turn to Palestine, which he visited in 1892 for the fourth time.

From 1874, he no longer exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts, but in the Grosvenor Gallery and New Galleries. In 1882 he moved to Fulham, where he completed a total of 32 paintings that were shown in 1886 at the Fine Art Society. Between 1886 and 1905 the painting The Lady of Shalott, the same of the well-known ballad title of Alfred Tennyson was inspired. His works were also seen at the Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts.

Hunt wrote an autobiography entitled Pre- Raphaelitism and the Pre -Raphaelite Brotherhood, which appeared in 1905. In the years 1906 and 1907 took place in London, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow retrospective exhibitions of his work instead. After his death in 1910 William Holman Hunt was buried in St. Paul 's Cathedral in London.

Important works

  • ' The Eve of St Agnes ' St. Agnes Eve, 1848; London, Guildhall Art Gallery, Corporation of London
  • Rienzi's oath, 1848/1849; private property
  • A converted British Family sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids A converted British Family hides a Christian missionary, 1849/1850; Oxford Visitors of the Ashmolean Museum
  • The Hireling Shepherd 1851 hireling, 1851/1852; Manchester City Art Galleries
  • The Light of the World, 1851-1853; Oxford, Warden and Fellows of Keble College
  • 'The Scapegoat ' - Inscribed on the frame: ' Surely he hath borne our griefs, and Carried our Sorrows / Yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of GOD and afflicted. ' ( Isaiah liii, 4) The Scapegoat, 1854/1855
  • ' The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple ' The Finding of Jesus in the Temple, 1854-1860; Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery
  • Isabella and the Pot of Basil by William Holman Hunt. The Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle -upon- Tyne
  • The Lady of Shalott

Publications

  • William Holman Hunt: Pre- Raphaelitism and the pre -Raphaelite brotherhood. Volume I. Publisher: The Macmillan Company, New York, June 1905
  • William Holman Hunt: Pre- Raphaelitism and the Pre -Raphaelite brotherhood. Volume II, revised edition. Publisher: EP Dutton and Company, New York 1914
  • The Romanes Lectures 1895. The obligations of the universities towards art. By William Holman Hunt. Delivered in the Sheldonian Theatre, May 30, 1895
  • William Holman Hunt: Two Subjects for ' The Germ ' published in 1850
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