Yersinia enterocolitica

Yersinia enterocolitica on blood agar

Yersinia enterocolitica is together with Y. pseudotuberculosis the causative agent of yersiniosis.

Properties

Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram-negative, spore -free chopsticks. Yersinia grow anaerobically aerobic and facultative. Y. enterocolitica is cytochrome c oxidase negative and catalase positive. Y. enterocolitica can hemin - and hydroxamate - bound iron use. The optimum growth temperature is 28 ° C. The flagellum is monotrich to peritrich. The optimum mobility can be found on incubation of 22-28 ° C. Y. enterocolitica is a so-called bacteria psychrophiles, ie it multiplies at temperatures between 0 and 4 ° C. This property is exploited in the so-called cold enrichment when grown.

Diseases caused

Y. enterocolitica can cause among other things, depending on age, immune status of different diseases:

• Toddlers and infants develop when an infection is usually a self-limiting, lasting 1-2 weeks gastroenteritis with fever, vomiting and bloody diarrhea.
• Children and young people develop as caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a mesenteric lymphadenitis (Crohn Maßhoff, Maßhoff - lymphadenitis ) with acute terminal ileitis ( pseudoappendicitis ). Not infrequently, an appendix removal occurs because of a suspicion of appendicitis. Accompanying usually occurs fever. The disease usually heals in about 2 weeks.
• Acute arthritis
• Reiter's Disease
• Yersiniosis pig

Distribution, epidemiology

Y. enterocolitica can be found worldwide in animal reservoirs, particularly in pigs. Infections therefore often find themselves after the consumption of insufficiently heated animal products, such as raw pork and milk. Infections caused by contaminated water are also possible.

Transmission

Transmission is by direct excitation recording.

Incubation period

The incubation period is only a few days.

Diagnostics

The pathogen detection is done by growing from stool, blood or biopsies. To this end, the Selective CIN ( Cefsoludin - Irgasan Novoniocin Agar) is most often used on the Yersinia within 1-2 days grow into red bulls-eye -shaped colonies. The identification is made using the, Colorful series '. Serological evidence to back up current and longer standing infections. In the detection of acute infection by the laboratory is a roll-call duty to report to the competent health authority according to the Infection Protection Act § 7

Therapy

Since the yersiniosis runs mostly self-limiting, treatment with antibiotics is usually not necessary. Severe gastroenteritis and systemic diseases can be treated with tetracyclines, quinolones or cephalosporins of the third generation. Since Y. enterocolitica form β -lactamases, aminopenicillins are not effective.

Historical

Y. enterocolitica was first in 1938 by grindstone and Cole man from a granulomatous lesion isolated.

• Proteobacteria
• Proteobacteria
• Reportable pathogens
• Food Microbiology