Zittau Mountains Nature Park

Hochwaldstraße 29 02763 Zittau

The Natural Park Zittau Mountains located in the border triangle Germany - Czech Republic - Poland in the same Zittau Mountains. The area is made up in part of the landscape protection areas " Zittau Mountains " and " Mandautal " together. It was founded in 2008 as the centenary of nature park in Germany.

Protection zones of the Natural Park

The nature park has an area of about 13,337 hectares. These are 0.7 percent of the area of the Free State of Saxony. The nature park is divided into three protection zones:

The protection zone I with 1.207 hectares ( 9.05% ) comprises the areas with valuable natural features, the nature reserves " Listen ", " Jonsdorfer rock city " and also the following areas:

  • Wetland Eichgraben,
  • Poche meadows,
  • Pochebachtal,
  • Jonsberg,
  • Ostabfall Ameisenberg,
  • Small pottery, rock alley
  • Shingle holes, roof holes, Hainberg
  • Northeast Waste Hochwald,
  • Uhusteine ​​, Fox pulpit
  • Roschertal, Gampe stone, Spitzberg,
  • Schülertal,
  • Südflur Seifhennersdorf,
  • Country water between B96 and Mandau.

The protection zone II with 7,518 hectares ( 56.37 %) covers the landscape protection areas " Zittau Mountains " and " Mandautal ". This will serve in addition to agricultural and forestry use of eco-friendly recreation.

The protection zone III (infrastructure and development zone) with 4,612 hectares ( 34.58 % ) includes the settlement areas and their adjacent areas. It serves a landscape-compatible residential and commercial development, and the development of sustainable tourism.

Fauna

The rich structure of the landscape with diverse habitats for many forms of animal and plant species ideal living conditions and hidden refuges.

In the area more than 40 mammal species have been observed so far. These include nature conservation significant species such as otter ( Lutra lutra ), lynx (Lynx lynx), the greater mouse- eared bat (Myotis myotis), Barbastelle ( Barbastella barbastellus ), pond bat ( Myotis dasycneme ) and Lesser Horseshoe Bat ( Rhinolophus hipposideros ), which in the Annex II of the Habitats Directive listed " animal and plant species of Community interest" includes, are to be reported for the special protection areas. Furthermore, a number of mammal species listed in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive were detected in the area. These include Northern bat ( Eptesicus nilssonii ) Serotine Eptesicus serotinus, Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii, whiskered bat ( Myotis mystacinus ), Natterer's bat (Myotis Natteri ) noctule ( Nyctalus noctula ), common pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus pipistrellus ), brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus ) and dormouse ( Muscardinus avellanarius ). Deserves special attention beside the relic deposits in the Alps shrew ( Sorex alpinus ) at the summit of Listen. It is the only known occurrence of the species in Saxony. In the ancient beech forests around the summit of Listen, the 793 m above sea level the highest mountain in the Zittau Mountains, was this small mammal, which actually occurs only in high alpine areas, repeatedly observed. However, there are more occurrences in the belonging to the same natural space Czech part of the mountain.

In the area of ​​breeding more than 100 species of birds. Notable species include:

  • For forest and rocky areas: the species listed in Annex I of the EU Birds Directive eagle owl ( Bubo bubo), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), boreal owl ( Aegolius funereus ) and Black woodpecker ( Dryocopus martius )
  • For the grassland: Corncrake Crex crex ( as a species in Annex I of the EU Birds Directive), Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus ) and Whinchat ( Saxicola rubetra )
  • Brownfield in the environment of the former opencast Olbersdorf: Stonechat ( Saxicola torquata )
  • For the hedgerows: Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio ) and Barred Warbler (Sylvia nisoria ) (as species listed in Annex I of the EU Birds Directive ) and Dunnock ( Prunella modularis )
  • For the waters: Western Marsh Harrier ( Circus aeruginosus), Kingfisher ( Alcedo atthis ) (both species listed in Annex I of the EU Birds Directive) and dippers ( Cinclus cinclus ).

Especially the highly weathered sandstone formations with distinct longitudinal bands provide ideal nesting and hiding places for the eagle owl. This and the abundant food supply in the foothills lead to it for many years, a small but stable Uhupopulation in the Zittau Mountains.

Of the fish species occurring in the area especially the loach ( Misgurnus fossilis ) is ( kind of Annex II of the Habitats Directive ) worth mentioning. In the natural park live 9 amphibian species including endangered species such as great crested newt (Triturus cristatus ) ( species listed in Annex II of the Habitats Directive) and frog ( Hyla arborea ), Pool Frog ( Pelophylax lessonae) and common spadefoot ( Pelobates fuscus ) (all three species listed in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive ). There are also six species of reptiles. Noteworthy here is particularly the occurrence of the smooth snake ( Coronella austriaca ) ( species listed in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive ) and adder (Vipera berus ).

Almost unmanageable is the diversity of invertebrate species. Worth seeing are the dragonfly species such as the Nordic leuccorhinia ( Leucorrhinia rubicunda ), rare beetle species such as the great capricorn beetle ( Cerambyx cerdo ) ( species in Annex II of the Habitats Directive ) and the Rostbeinige spot Bock ( Evodinus clathratus ), butterflies such as the Dark burnet - Large Blues ( Glaucopsyche nausithous ) ( species in Annex II of the Habitats Directive ) as well as the occurrence of Commons freshwater mussel ( Unio crassus ) ( species in Annex II of the Habitats Directive ) in the Mandau. Comparable to the world of plants harboring the high altitudes of the mountains a number of invertebrates that are bound in Saxony cool - moist habitats. Representing be mentioned:

  • The " Riesencollembole " Tetrodontophora bielanensis the largest known Collembolenart,
  • The Eisenia earthworm was first identified lucens in 2001 on the Listen in Germany,
  • The Alps planarian ( Crenobia alpina ) is a strictly bound to clean, year-round cool and oxygen-rich streams Planarienart that still occurs in some spring-fed streams in the mountains.

Flora

In the area of ​​the Park Zittau Mountains species come together from different regions Flore. Due to the relatively continental climate predominate subcontinental species in the foothills. In cooler and damper Zittau Mountains on the other hand, numerous subatlantic species such as fern -leaved Golden Saxifrage come in addition to the represented here subcontinental species ( Blechnum spicant ) and Opposite- ( Chrysosplenium oppositifolium ) ago. A special feature is the presence of the gametophyte the Magnificent Dünnfarns ( Trichomanes speciosum ) ( species in Annex II of the Habitats Directive ), a climate relic from an Atlantic climate period for which this is his only -Saxon location outside the Saxon Switzerland. As in the neighboring Saxon Switzerland offers the moist cool climate of the canyons of sandstone areas these types of life opportunities. However, the effect is less pronounced and therefore a number of Atlantic and subatlantischer species that occur in the Saxon Switzerland are still missing in the area. The higher elevations of the mountains are characterized by the occurrence of species but all cool and moist climatic conditions favor their dissemination focus in different areas have Flore.

These include:

  • Präalpidische: the following species with their distribution area in the deciduous and coniferous forests of the European high mountains
  • Nordic präalpidische: the following species with their distribution area, both in the boreal birch and pine forests and the deciduous and coniferous forests of the European high mountains
  • Nordic- Atlantic species: species with their distribution area in the coastal boreal forests
  • Arctic - northern species: species with distribution focus in the tundra and boreal forest areas
  • Eurasian and eurasia table -Atlantic species: species of the Eurasian deciduous forest zone

In contrast to the sandstone canyons and high altitude areas of the Zittau Mountains are particularly on the basalt and Phonolithkuppen the foreland heaped plants whose centers of distribution are more in the south and east of Europe. These include:

  • Subcontinental and eurasia table - continental species: species with distribution focus in the deciduous forests of Central and Eastern Europe
  • Sub-Mediterranean -Eurasian species: species with distribution focus in the deciduous forests of eastern and central Europe and the northern edge of the Mediterranean region
  • East präalpide species: species with distribution focus in the deciduous and coniferous forest zone of the eastern Alpine region and the Carpathian

Carrier

The support of the Natural Park Zittau Mountains is the district of Görlitz. Shares in the nature park, the cities and communities: Zittau, Seifhennersdorf, Bert Village Hoernitz, Grossschönau, Hainewalde, Jonsdorf, spa Oybin, Leutersdorf, Mittelherwigsdorf and Olbersdorf.

Lausche Natterer's bat Hazel dormouse Alpine shrew Northern Lapwing List of nature parks in Germany
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