Zoltán Lajos Bay

Zoltán Lajos Bay ( born July 24, 1900 in Gyulavári; † 4 October 1992 in Chevy Chase ( Maryland)) was a Hungarian physicist.

Life

After his father, a priest, had died in 1910, his mother moved the children on a modest pension and rental of rooms.

Zoltán Bay visited the reformed school in Debrecen and studied physics at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Budapest. In 1923 he finished his studies for physics teacher for middle schools, remained as an assistant with Isidor Cheerful at the Department of Theoretical Physics, and participated in the studies on the polarization of light. In 1926 he defended his thesis Molecular Theory of Magnetooptical Phenomena in Dispersive Media. During an initial two-year stay at the Collegium Hungaricum Berlin he worked in the Physics Imperial Institute, then in the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the University, where he worked on problems of the activated gases. A scholarship enabled him to extend his stay in Berlin.

In 1930 he returned to Hungary and became a professor at the Institute for Theoretical Physics, Szeged University of Franz Joseph. New friends he was here with his colleague Albert Szent- Györgyi of Nagyrápolt. With their measurements of heart flows the idea of a pacemaker was.

Lipót Aschner, the general manager and co-owner of Tungsram works, attention was drawn to him, founded a research laboratory and offered Bay on the line. During World War II Tungsram was an important defense contractor, and in 1944 rose Bay on one of the directors. That he hid Jewish colleagues from the Nazis, he was honored in the 1990's as a Righteous Among the Nations.

In the fall of 1942, the Hungarian Minister of Defence commissioned him to develop an early warning system, and he started to deal with radar technology. In 1944 she had a radar, which could detect enemy aircraft at 60 km distance. Less than a month after John Hibbett DeWitt Jrs. Project Diana, it was him and his associates succeeded on February 6, 1946 in Nógrádverőce to receive a transmitted radar signal to the moon back to the point. On the receiver side it had developed an integrator having a plurality of coulometer to improve the signal -to-noise ratio, referred to as overlapping. He had lifted the radar astronomy from the baptism.

After a trip in 1947 to the United States, where colleagues wanted to convince him to stay there, he married Julia Herczegh from Transylvania. In May 1948, the family emigrated on the Green Line and Vienna to the United States, where he was initially six years professor of George Washington University. Then he followed a call to the Department of Radiation Physics of the National Bureau of Standards, where he conducted research on relativity and gravitation theory, and on issues of the speed of light. He developed the photomultiplier and could also determine the length of a meter on a new basis thereafter.

Buried he is in his native city.

Publications

• Reflection of Microwaves from the Moon; In: Acta Physica Hungarica 1 (1947 ): 1-6
• Szent- Györgyi Albert: dokumentumok, riportok; 1989
• Az élet erősebb; 1990 ( Life is stronger ); autobiography
• With Werner Steiner: About the active nitrogen; In: Journal of Electrochemistry '; 35, 733-738, 1929, No. 9
• János Márki - Zay, György Marx: Bay Zoltán Németh László és, a Tudos és az IRO; 1994
• Electron Multiplier as of Electron - Counting Device. In: Nature, 1938, vol. 141, p. 284
• Electron Multiplier as of Electron - Counting Device. In: Nature, 1938, vol. 141, p. 1011.
• With Szepesi, Z.: On the intensity distribution of the Compton scattering of ă rays. In: Journal of Physics, 1939, vol 112, p. 20
• With Papp, G.: About the core effect in the scattering of ă rays. In: Journal of Physics, 1939, vol 112, p. 86
• Electron Multiplier as of Electron - Counting Device. In: Reviews of Scientific Instruments, 1941, vol. 12, no 3, p. 127? 133
• With Papp, G.: Coincidence Device of 10-8 10-9 Second Resolving Power? . In: Reviews of Scientific Instruments, 1948, vol. 19, p. 565; In: Nature, 1948, vol. 161, p. 59
• New Type of High Speed ​​Coincidence Circuit. In: Physical Review, 1950, vol. 79, p. 233
• With Meijer, RR, Papp, G.: On Measuring Very Short Half- Lives. In: Physical Review, 1951, vol. 82, p. 754
• Differential Coincidence Counting Method. In: Physical Review, 1951, vol. 83, p. 242
• With Meijer, RR, Papp, G.: Differential Coincidence Counting Method. In: Nucleonics, 1952, vol. 10, no 3, p. 39
• With Szent Gyorgyi, A.: Window Field in Muscle. In: Nature, 1951, vol. 167, p. 482
• Determination of the Resolving Time of Coincidences. In: Physical Review, 1952, vol. 87, p. 194
• With Cleland, MR, McLernon, F.: Coincidences with Cerenkov counter. In: Physical Review, 1952, vol. 87, p. 901
• With Goodall, MC, Szent- Györgyi, A.: Transmission of excitation from the membrane to actomyosin. In: Bull Math Biophysics, 1953, vol. 15, p. 1
• With Henri, VP, McLernon, F.: Simultaneity in the Compton Effect. In: Physical Review, 1955, vol. 97, p. 1710.
• Milli Micro Second Coincidence Circuits. In: Nucleonics, 1956, vol. 14, no 5, p. 56
• Techniques and Theory of Fast Coincidence experiment. (Invited Paper, Scintillation Counter Symposium, Washington, DC 1956) In: IRE Transactions on Nuclear Science, November 1956 vol. 125, P12.
• With Farago, PS: Remarks on Coincidence Experiments with Visible Light. In: Proceedings of the Roy. Soc Edinburgh, 1963, Part II, vol. 66, no 1, p. 111? 115
• With Szent Gyorgyi, A.: On the Energy Transfer in Biological Systems. In: Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci., 1961, vol. 47, no 11, p. In 1742.
• With Boyne, HS: The Use of terahertz Photo beats for Precise Velocity -of -Light Measurements. In: Rendiconti Scuola Intern. di Fisica E. Fermi, 1964, XXXI. Corso, p. 352
• With Luther, GG: Locking a Laser Frequency to the Time Standard. In: Applied Physics Letters, 1968, vol. 13, no 3, p. 303
• The Use of Microwave modulation of laser for Length Measurement. Precision Measurement and Fundamental Constants. In: Langenberg, DN, Taylor, BN ( Ed. by): National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 343 (U.S. GPO, Washington, DC 1971) p. 59
• With Luther, GG: The Measuring of Optical Frequencies and the Velocity of Light. Precision Measurements and Fundamental Constants. In: Langer Berg, DN, Taylor, BN ( Ed. by): National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 343 (U.S. GPO, Washington, DC 1971) p. 63
• The Constancy of the Velocity of Light and Prospects for a Unified Standardization of Time, Frequency and Length. Proceeding of the Fourth Internat. Conf. on Atomic and Fundamental Constants Mases. Teddington, England (ed. ): Sanders, JH, Wapstra, AH New York: Plenum Press, 1972, p. . 334
• With White, JA: Frequency Dependence of the Speed ​​of Light in Space. In: Physical Review, 1972, D5, no 4, p. 796
• With Luther, GG, White, JA: Measurement of an Optical Frequency and the Speed ​​of Light. In: Physical Review Letters, 1972, vol. 29, no 3, p. 189
• With White, JA: The Speed ​​of Light and the New meters. In: Physics Today, April 1974, p. 9
• With White, JA: Radar Astronomy and the Special Theory of Relativity. In: Acta Physica Hung, 1981, vol.. 51, p. 273
• Az élet erősebb. (Life is stronger, in Hungarian) Budapest: Püski, 1990.
• Differencial Coincidence Circuit. In: Physical Review, vol. 83, 242 Part A: Precision Measurement of the Speed ​​of Light; Part B: Proposal for a New Standard Length.