Dar es Salaam
Region
Dar es Salaam (Arabic: دار السلام Dār as- Salām, DMG Dār as- Salām, House of Peace '), also Dar es Salaam or Dar -es- Salaam or DSM, colloquially often only briefly Dar is, with more than 3 million inhabitants the largest city in Tanzania. It is the seat of government as well as Lutheran and Roman Catholic bishopric. Several universities are based in Dar es Salaam.
- 4.1 traffic
- 4.2 Education
- 4.3 Sport
Geographical location
The city is located in the east of Tanzania on the Indian Ocean.
History
Dar es Salaam is usually equated with the ancient Rhapta, the Periplus Maris after Erythraei (40-70 AD) was on the coast of Azania. The anonymous author, according to it got its name because of the sewn boats ( rhapton ploiarion ), who used the locals. You could barter for ivory and tortoise shells here.
As of 1862, the Sultan of Zanzibar, Sayyid Majid began with the expansion of the village Msisima; he wanted to move his residence to the mainland, gave the place the name of Bandar al- Salaam (Arabic haven of peace ) and began the construction of a palace, which was not yet completed at his death in 1870.
His successor Sayyid Barghash abandoned the project, but left his plantation farm near the city. 1888 leased Sultan Sayyid Khalifa Dar es Salaam along with the entire coast of present-day Tanzania to the German East Africa Company. On October 28, 1890 Sultan Sayyid ' Alî sold city and coast. In 1890 the colonial administration itself had set up in the small coastal town of Bagamoyo, but then about 60 kilometers further south Dar es Salaam was interesting because of its natural harbor for the Germans. Only a year later moved into 1891, the German colonial administration of German East Africa in Dar es Salaam is relocating
The St. Joseph's Cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Dar es Salaam was built in 1897-1902, the Evangelical Lutheran Azania Cathedral in 1898. On 1 October 1897, the first major government hospital, the Ocean Road Hospital ( since 1996 was " Ocean Road Cancer Institute " ), opens. The most modern bio- Agricultural Institute in 1902 /03 opened by the German colonial administration in Amani, where among other 1905 and 1906 medical scientists Robert Koch and Zimmermann worked. In 1909, was consecrated in the city a Wissmann monument, whose sculpture is a work of the sculptor Adolf Kuerle. It was later dismantled and delivered across the UK to Germany.
Starting in 1920, took over the mandate government town and colony until 1961, independence was declared. From 1964 it was the capital of Tanzania until it has been officially moved to Dodoma in 1974. However, remain important functions of government in Dar es Salaam.
The South African African National Congress entertained in the city of its headquarters in exile. From there he transferred since 1969 on the grounds of the former Radio Tanzania on shortwave radio program of his Freedom. Radio Tanzania granted as the first radio station this program a transmit time.
On August 7, 1998 eleven people were killed in a terrorist attack against the U.S. Embassy in Dar es Salaam. The message has been moved in the meantime in the less busy district Msasani, said safety precautions have been tightened.
Population
Originally, the city was inhabited particularly by members of the ethnic group Zaramo and, to a lesser extent, the ethnic groups Ndengereko and Kwere. With the increasing urbanization in Tanzania are living members of many ethnic groups of the country in the city. The city is divided into three districts: 2002 there were 1,083,913 inhabitants in Kinondoni, Temeke and 768 451 in 634 924 inhabitants in Ilala. Approximately 64 percent of the population are between 15 and 64 years old, children aged between 0 and 14 years represent 33 percent of the population constitutes only two percent of the residents are older than 65, the density of population is 1787 per km ². On the Kinondoni district of the peninsula belonging Msasani most foreigners and diplomats live.
With an expected annual population growth of 4.39 % on average in Dar es Salaam is among the fastest growing cities in the world at No. 9
Twinning
Dar es Salaam is twinned with the northern Turkish city of Samsun, the Chinese city of Yiwu and since 1 July 2010 with the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.
Economy and infrastructure
Dar es Salaam is the economic center of Tanzania. In the city there are about 575 major industrial establishments, the Tanzanian Central Bank and national stores, such as the specialized microcredit Dar es Salaam Community Bank, and international banks and insurance companies. At the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, the shares of the main Tanzanian companies are traded.
Income in 2002, the annual per capita stood at 584 086 Tsh (around 368 euros ), with 35 percent of the population earn an average of only 387 319 Tsh (about 243 euros ). In 2000/2001, 7.5 percent of the population were too poor to be able to feed themselves adequately, compared with 13.6 percent in 1991/ 1992.
Traffic
Urban transport is buses and minibuses (called Dalla- Dalla ) disputed. The main roads are well made, but chronically congested at rush hour. Secondary roads are often unpaved and not lit at night.
Dar es Salaam has a large sea port of international importance. He is considered the main transfer of goods and the gateway for the whole of East Africa. Among other things, there are ferry connections with fast ferries to Zanzibar as well as regular ferry to Mombasa in Kenya.
The Tanzania Railways Corporation (TRC ) connects Dar es Salaam to Mwanza in the northwest and with Kigoma in western Tanzania. The Tanzania Zambia Railways Authority ( TAZARA ) connects Dar es Salaam to Mbeya in the southwest as well as Zambia and the rest of southern Africa.
15 km southwest of the city center is the international Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere International Airport, offered by the flight connections within the country as well as in other African countries, the Middle East, India and Europe.
Remote bus, there are numerous national objectives and to Nairobi and Mombasa in Kenya, to Lilongwe in Malawi to Lusaka in Zambia and to Kampala in Uganda.
Education
The main university in the city is the University of Dar es Salaam, with around 12,000 students. There is also the Open University of Tanzania, the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University ( HKMU ), the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy ( MNMA ), the International Medical and Technological University ( IMTU ) and the Institute of Financial Management (IFM ), Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology (DIT ), the Ardhi University Dar es Salaam (ARU ), the College of Business Education ( CBE) and the Institute of Social Work ( Ustawi wa jamii ).
Sports
Opened in 2007, Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium, is a multi-purpose arena and offers 60,000 visitors.
Personalities
The writer Roald Dahl lived from 1936 to 1939 in Dar es Salaam. Jane Goodall also lived and taught in the 1970s at the University of Dar es Salaam.
Sons and daughters of the town
- David Adjaye (born 1966 ), British architect
- Leslie Scott, the inventor of the board game Jenga
- Marin Hinkle (born 1966 ), American actress
- Hasheem Thabeet (* 1987), Tanzanian basketball player