Jordanita notata
The Marsh Grünwidderchen ( Jordanita notata ), also known as rare Grünwidderchen, is a butterfly of the family of burnet ( Zygaenidae ). The species was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller 1847, the type locality is Syracuse in Sicily.
- 5.1 Notes and references
- 5.2 Literature
Features
The moths have a pronounced geographic variation. Specimens from the south of Spain are very large and bright green or sometimes gold green colored. Populations in southern France bring out small animals. Moths from the south and east of Turkey, however, are very large, dark- colored and scaly tight. Specimens from Crete are very small, green and translucent and constant in size and coloring.
The moths reach a forewing length 11.0 to 16.0 mm in males and 7.5 to 10.5 mm in females. The females are smaller and more rounded wings. Head, thorax, legs and abdomen shining light green, gold green, yellowish green or bluish green, the abdomen is often dyed lighter than head and thorax. The end ( frons ) is narrower than the width of the compound eye. The sensors are very narrow, and especially distally combed only briefly. They consist of 36 to 40 segments. The front wing tops shimmering light green, gold green, yellowish green or bluish green. The hind wings are light gray and slightly translucent. The wing undersides are gray.
In the male the uncus is long and slender, he has no extension. The aedeagus is very slim and about eight to nine times longer than wide. It is equipped with a needle- shaped cornutus. The 8th sternite abdomen is rectangular, and reaches the rear edge of the segment.
In females, the ostium is very small and circular. The ductus bursae is very long and slender and sclerotized proximally. It is distal translucent and carries in the first quarter a pointed projection. The corpus bursae is spherical.
The egg is yellowish green.
The caterpillars are highly variable in their coloration. The head is black brown, the thoracic segments are dark brown on the back. The body is gray-brown on the sides, the belly yellowish gray. The back line is dark gray. The warts are reddish brown, black brown, the abdominal feet.
The pupa is reddish yellow, the cocoon is whitish.
Similar Species
The Marsh Grünwidderchen is very variable, so that almost all major Grünwidderchen the Western Palearctic are outwardly similar.
Jordanita vartianae comes in southern and central Spain sympatric with J. notata ago, the former species has a wider forehead, the antennae of the males are longer and combed the 8th Abdominalsternit does not reach the posterior margin of the segment. The antennae of the females are strongly doubly serrate.
In most areas of Europe Jordanita globulariae comes sympatric ago with the Marsh Grünwidderchen. The former type has a wider forehead, the antennae of the males are longer and combed the 8th Abdominalsternit does not reach the posterior margin of the segment. The tips of the ventral Valve extensions are visible outside of the last abdominal segment. In females, the asymmetric ostium is anterior visible when the abdome no longer has squamation.
Jordanita subsolana is found in most parts of Europe, Turkey and Transcaucasia sympatric ago with the Marsh Grünwidderchen. The similar type is darker and less shimmer. It has a much wider forehead and small eyes. The antennae of the males are combed longer. The last Abdominalsternit is broader and reaches the rear edge of the segment 8. The antennae of the females are strongly doubly serrate.
In Spain Jordanita hispanica strongly resembles the Marsh Grünwidderchen. The end of the similar type, is slightly wider and the sensors are combed very short. The 8th Abdominalsternit is the same for both types. A clear differentiation is therefore only genitalmorphologisch possible.
Jordanita budensis comes in central Spain, southern France, Italy, Austria, Western Europe and Turkey, together with the Marsh Grünwidderchen ago. The similar type has a much wider forehead and significantly shorter probes with longer meshing with the males, the females are sawed the sensor. The wings are - except copies in Turkey - translucent and the 8th Abdominalsternit reaches out with the males on the posterior margin of the segment.
In Turkey Jordanita hector, Jordanita volgensis, Jordanita paupera and Jordanita kurdica come along with the Marsh Grünwidderchen. All related species such as J. notata externally so variable that a provision is only genitalmorphologisch possible.
Dissemination
The distribution area of the Marsh Grünwidderchens ranges from the Iberian Peninsula and central Europe over the north of the Mediterranean ( including Sicily and Crete) to the Caucasus and the Transcaucasus. In Central Europe the distribution is patchy and extends north to the vicinity of Berlin. There is also evidence from the middle reaches of the Elbe in Bohemia. In the British Isles, the species is not represented. Be colonized dry grasslands or steppe habitats in Central Europe and heathland. In Baden- Württemberg the vertical distribution 470-720 meter ranges, the Caucasus, the species was found on subalpine mats to 2000 meters altitude.
Biology
The females lay eggs singly on the upper leaf surface free-standing plants. The caterpillars hatch under farming conditions after about a week and nate from the first larval instar in the parenchyma of the leaf surface. Has the mine reaches a half times the size of the caterpillar, a new one is created. The typical feeding image is a horseshoe-shaped mine, in which the caterpillar eats through over the blade tip to the opposite side of the leaf midrib. Caterpillars hibernate from October in a gang mine. They pupate in the soil in a yellowish cocoon. Before hatching, the doll pierces the web and works its way to the surface. The abandoned pupa protrudes either for the most part out of the ground or is loosely based on. The moths fly in Spain from the end of March and in Central Europe until the beginning of July. The moths are weak fliers and suck on the flowers of various Knapweed (Centaurea ), ring - thistle ( Carduus ), scabious ( knautia ) and marsh species.
Threats and conservation
In Germany, the Marsh Grünwidderchen on the Red List of endangered species in category 2 ( " endangered " ) classified.