Krasnoyarsk Krai
6795Koordinaten: 67 ° 0 ' N, 95 ° 0' O
The Krasnoyarsk (Russian Красноярский край / Krasnojarski krai) is an administrative region ( krai) in Russia with the capital of Krasnoyarsk. The population consists mainly of Russians and Ukrainians, indigenous Siberian peoples make up only a fraction of less than one percent. Since the connection of two previously independent autonomous counties, the region forms since 2007, the second largest in terms of area federal subject of Russia after the Sakha Republic.
Geography
The region is located in the Siberian federal district and extends from the Sayan Mountains in the south along the Yenisei to the Taimyr peninsula, which is only 3/5 as far from the North Pole as the North Cape at Cape Tscheljuskin, the northernmost mainland point of the Old World, namely 1366 km. Important tributaries of the Yenisei, the Angara and the Tschuna.
The climate is continental with long winters and short, hot summers.
History
Through archaeological finds, we know that Siberia was inhabited before about 200,000 years. Grave and monuments of Skythenkultur from the seventh and eighth centuries BC on the banks of the Krasnoyarsk Reservoir prove the oldest Scythian finds in Eurasia, including the well-known Kurgan Arschan, a chieftain's grave, which was uncovered in 2001.
The Russian settlement of the area mainly by Cossacks began in the 17th century.
The construction of the Trans-Siberian railway, the population of the region increased sharply.
In the Stalin era, many of the camp of the Gulag were in the region. The city Igarka should be tapped through a 1,300 -km-long railway from Vorkuta via Salechard forth and be connected with a sea port on the Yenisei River to the Arctic Ocean. Project No. 501 on the Ob and Project No. 503 should be connected to the northern highway on the Yenisei. For the construction were 100000-120000 people - mainly gulag inmates - are used.
The popular general Alexander Lebed was elected in May 1998 to the Governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. He held this office until he came the crash of a Mi -8 helicopter on 28 April 2002 at Abakan killed. During the coup in August 1991 against President Mikhail Gorbachev had his soldiers protected the "White House " in Moscow and Boris Yeltsin.
On 1 January 2007, the Krasnoyarsk region has been extended for a referendum on 17 April 2005 at the territory of the Autonomous Okrug Evenk Autonomous Okrug and the Taimyr.
Economy
The region is rich in natural resources ( gold, coal ), rivers are dammed and used for energy. The main industries are metal processing, wood and paper industries.
Attractions
In the Krasnoyarsk region, there are 45 museums with over one million objects, this number expanded from 2007 still around the fundus of the museums of the Taimyr Autonomous Okrug and the autonomous district of the Evenki.
The Krasnoyarsk Dam is a 2130 km ² large reservoir on the Yenisei. He is depicted on the 10 ruble note and a popular tourist destination. The Stolby National Park near Krasnoyarsk is a climbing and hiking area.
Cities and urban settlements
In addition to her administrative center of Krasnoyarsk, with nearly one million inhabitants, it is the region with the Norilsk and Atschinsk mainly known for nickel mining and the associated pollution two other cities. Other major cities are Kansk, the " closed cities " Zheleznogorsk and Zelenogorsk and Minusinsk. In total there are in the region of 24 cities and 38 urban-type settlements.
Administrative divisions
The Krasnoyarsk Territory is divided into 44 Rajons and 17 urban districts (as of 2013). Two of the Rajons had until 31 December 2006 as the Taimyr Autonomous District ( the Dolgan and Nenets ) Autonomous District as well as independent of the Evenki federal subjects of Russia, each with several Rajons, which were then joined together, and have to this day a special status. Three of the cities are closed administrative-territorial formations ( SATO ).