List of state leaders in 1881
Survey ◄ ◄ | ◄ | 1877 | 1878 | 1879 | 1880 | List of state leaders in 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | ► | ► ► More events
Africa
- Egypt ( part of the Ottoman Empire ) Khedive: Tawfiq (1879-1892)
- Ethiopia Kaiser: Yohannes IV (1871-1889)
- Buganda Kabaka: Mutesa I. (1856-1884)
- Bunyoro Omukama: Kaba Lega (1869-1898)
- Burundi King: Mwezi Gisabo IV (1850-1908)
- Dahomey: King: Glele (1856-1889)
- Liberia President: Anthony W. Gardiner (1878-1883)
- Morocco: Sultan Moulay al - Hassan I (1873-1894)
- Rwanda: King: Kigeri IV (1853-1895)
- Sokoto Caliphate: Caliph Mu'azu Ahmad (1877-1881)
- Caliph 'Umar (1881-1891)
- Zulu: King Cetshwayo other kamp (1872-1884)
America
North America
- Canada Head of state: Queen Victoria (1867-1901)
- Governor-General John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne (1878-1883)
- Head of government: Prime Minister John A. Macdonald (1867-1873, 1878-1891)
- Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President: Manuel González (1880-1884)
- United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rutherford B. Hayes ( 1877-4 March 1881. )
- President James A. Garfield ( March 4 to September 19, 1881 )
- President Chester A. Arthur (September 19, 1881-1885 )
Central America
- Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: President Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez (1870-1876, 1877-1882)
- Dominican Republic Heads of state and head of government: President Fernando Arturo de Merino (1880-1882)
- El Salvador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Zaldívar (1876-1884)
- Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Justo Rufino Barrios (1873-1885)
- Haiti Heads of State and Head of Government: President Lysius Salomon (1879-1888)
- Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Marco Aurelio Soto (1876-1883)
- Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: President Joaquín Zavala (1879-1883)
South America
- Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President Julio Argentino Roca (1880-1886, 1898-1904)
- Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President: Narciso Campero Leyes (. 1880-28 December 1884 )
- Brazil Ruler: Emperor Peter II (1831-1889)
- Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President: Aníbal Pinto Garmendia ( 1876-18. September 1881 )
- Domingo Santa María (September 18, 1881-1886 )
- Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: ( transitional ) Ignacio de Veintemilla ( 1876-1883 )
- Colombia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Núñez (1880-1882, 1884-1886, 1892-1894)
- Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Adolfo Saguier ( 1880-25. November 1881 )
- President Bernardino Caballero (25 November 1881-1886 )
- Peru Heads of State and Head of Government: Commander of the State Nicolás de Villena Piérola ( 1879-28. November 1881 )
- (provisional) Lizardo Montero Flores (November 28, 1881-1883 )
- Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: (provisional) Francisco Antonio Vidal ( 1880-1882 )
- Venezuela Heads of State and Head of Government: President Antonio Guzmán Blanco (1870-1884, 1886-1888)
Asia
- Abu Dhabi: Emir: Zayed I. (1855-1909)
- Ajman: Sheikh: Rashid II (1872-1891)
- Afghanistan Emir: Abdur Rahman Khan (1880-1901)
- Bahrain: Emir Isa I. (1869-1935)
- China ( Qing Dynasty ): Kaiser: Guangxu (1874-1908)
- British India Empress Victoria (1877-1901)
- Viceroy George Robinson (1880-1884)
- Japan Kaiser: Mutsuhito (1867-1912)
- Korea: King Gojong (1864-1897)
- Kuwait: Emir Abdullah II (1866-1892)
- Nepal Head of state: King Prithvi (1881-1911)
- Oman: Sultan Turki ibn Said (1871-1888)
- Persia ( Qajar dynasty ) Shah: Naser ad -Din Shah (1848-1896)
- Thailand King: Chulalongkorn, King of Thailand (1868-1910)
Australasia
- Hawaii King David Kalākaua (1874-1891)
Europe
- Andorra Co - Prince: President of France: Jules Grévy (1879-1887)
- Bishop of Urgell: Salvador Casañas i Pagès (1879-1901)
- Belgium King Leopold II (1865-1909)
- Bulgaria Prince Alexander I. (1879-1886)
- Denmark King Christian IX. (1863-1906) Council President: Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875-1894)
- German Empire Kaiser Wilhelm I. (January 18, 1871-1888 ) Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (1871-1890)
- Duke: Frederick I (1871-1904) Minister of State: Anton von Krosigk (1875-1892)
- Grand Duke Friedrich I. (1856-1907) Minister of State: Ludwig Karl Friedrich Turban (1876-1893)
- King: Ludwig II (1864-1886) Chairman of the Council of Ministers: Johann Freiherr von Lutz (1880-1890)
- Duke Wilhelm (1831-1884)
- Mayor: Frederick Ludolf Grave (1879-1882)
- Reichsstatthalter: Edwin von Manteuffel (1879-1885)
- State Secretary of the Ministry of Alsace- Lorraine: Karl von Hofmann (1880-1887)
- First Mayor: Gustav Heinrich church Pauer (1871-1872) (1875 ) ( 1878) (1881 ) ( 1884) (1887 )
- Grand Duke Ludwig IV (1877-1892)
- Prince: Woldemar (1875-1895)
- Mayor: Arthur Gustav Kulenkamp (1881-1882) (1885-1886) (1889-1890) (1893-1894)
- Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II (1842-1883)
- Grand Duke Friedrich Wilhelm (1860-1904)
- Grand Duke Nikolaus Friedrich Peter (1853-1900) Minister of State: Friedrich Andreas Ruhstrat (1876-1890)
- King: William I (1861-1888) Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck (1862-1873) (1873-1890)
- Prince Heinrich XXII. (1859-1902)
- Prince Heinrich XIV (1867-1913)
- King Albert (1873-1902) Chairman of the Department: Georg Friedrich Alfred Graf von Fabrice (1876-1891)
- Duke Ernst I. (1853-1908)
- Duke Ernst II (1844-1893)
- Duke: George II (1866-1914)
- Grand Duke Carl Alexander (1853-1901)
- Prince: Adolf I Georg (1860-1893)
- Prince Georg Albert (1869-1890)
- Prince Karl Günther (1880-1909)
- Prince: George Victor (1845-1893)
- King: Charles I (1864-1891) President of the State Ministry: Hermann of Mitt Eight (1876-1900)
- France President: Jules Grévy (1879-1887)
- Greece King: George I (1863-1913)
- Italy King Umberto I (1878-1900)
- Monaco Prince Charles III. (1856-1889)
- Montenegro Prince Nikola I. Petrović Njegoš (1860-1918) ( from 1910 king)
- Neutral Moresnet King of Belgium Leopold II (1865-1909)
- King of Prussia Wilhelm I (1861-1888)
- Mayor: Joseph Kohl (1859-1882)
- King Wilhelm III. (1849-1890)
- Norway (1814-1905 personal union with Sweden) King Oskar II (1872-1905)
- Turkey: Sultan Abdulhamid II (1876-1909)
- Austria - Hungary Emperor Franz Joseph I (1848-1916)
- Portugal King: Ludwig I (1861-1889)
- Romania King: Charles I (1866-1914) ( until 1881 prince)
- Russia Tsar Alexander II (1855-1881)
- Tsar Alexander III. (1881-1894)
- Sweden (1814-1905 personal union with Norway) King Oskar II (1872-1907)
- Serbia Prince Milan II (1868-1889) ( from 1882 King Milan I. )
- Spain King, Alfonso XII. (1874-1885)
- United Kingdom: Queen Victoria (1837-1901)
- Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone (1880-1885)