Osnabrück (district)

The district of Osnabrück is located in the southwest of Lower Saxony in Germany.

With 2121 km ² it is after the neighboring district of Emsland and the Hannover Region is the third largest local government association in Lower Saxony. It comprises 34 municipalities, including eight cities. There are 17 municipalities unit and four joint communities with 17 member municipalities. The size of the municipalities varies between less than 7,000 and more than 45,000 inhabitants. The county forms the main part of the Osnabrück country.

The non- circular area belonging county-level city of Osnabrück is located on the southwestern edge of the county. It is the seat of the district administration.

• 3.1 Circle member communities in the old district
• 3.2 Coat of Arms

• 4.1 District
• 4.2 Kreistag
• 4.3 county seat
• 4.4 District Partnerships
• 4.5 Regional Association

• 6.1 Road traffic
• 6.2 Rail transport
• 6.3 bus
• 6.4 Air Traffic
• 6.5 Water transport

Geography

The northern two-thirds of the circular area belong to the North German Plain with altitudes below 50 m above sea level. The hills of the Teutoburg Forest and Wiehengebirge run from west to east through the southern third of the circle. The area is crossed from south to north of the rabbit, in the east runs the Hunte. Both rivers have their source in the district of Osnabrück.

The county forms, together with the independent city of Osnabrück Osnabrück region the region. This is divided into the subregions among other Artland, Grönegau and Wittlager country.

The Tecklenburger land to the west is scenic the continuation of the Osnabrück country in the neighboring state of North Rhine -Westphalia. Often it is attributed to the Munsterland, although it is the Osnabrück country historical, scenic and economically closer.

Neighboring districts

The southern part of the district borders on North Rhine -Westphalia, on the west by the district of Steinfurt, in the south to the circles Warendorf and Gütersloh and on the east by the circles Herford and Minden- Luebbecke.

The northern district is bordered mainly on the west by the Emsland district, in the north of the district of Cloppenburg and on the east by the districts of Vechta and Diepholz, in the latter only a few kilometers.

Nature Reserves

In the district of Osnabrück, there are 31 nature reserves. The largest ( Sudden Moor / technicians) has an area of ​​635 hectares, the smallest ( swatte poele ) an area of 4.3 ha

Cities and Towns

The district of Osnabrück is divided into 34 municipalities, of which eight have city status ( in brackets the number of inhabitants on 31 December 2012.

Unit communities

Joint communities with their member communities

* Head Samtgemeinde management

• 2 Samtgemeinde Bersenbrueck ( 28 021 )

• 3 Samtgemeinde Fuerstenau ( 15,629 )

• 4 Samtgemeinde New Churches ( 10,145 )

History

The county in nearly its present form was created on July 1, 1972 by the district reform, the so-called " Osnabrück- law." The county was formed from the counties Bersenbrueck, Melle, Wittlage and the bulk of the old district of Osnabrueck. The communities Atter, Pye, Hellern, Nahne, Voxtrup, why, and Gretesch Lüstringen 1972 were the independent city of Osnabrück slammed. The district Sutthausen was incorporated on January 1, 1970 has the former rural community Holzhausen to Osnabrück. The communities Hinnenkamp, Hörsten and Voerden from the former county Bersenbrueck were assigned on March 1, 1974, to the district of Vechta and there united with the church 's New churches merged to New -Vörden.

The former district Melle joined together in 1972 to the city of Melle. The former county Wittlage included the present-day communities of Bad Food, Bohmte and Ostercappeln, the former county town of Bramsche Bersenbrueck today and today's joint communities Artland, Bersenbrueck, Fuerstenau and new churches. The district of Osnabrück Founded in 1885, had been increased in 1932, when the county Iburg was dissolved and incorporated into this county.

Today, the district of Osnabrück in about covers together with the independent city of Osnabrück, the territory of the former Bishopric of Osnabrück, which was until 1802 imperial immediacy Archbishopric. 1803, the area was assigned by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Congress of Vienna the Kingdom of Hanover. From 1807 to 1813 it was under French rule, and then to include back to 1866 with the Kingdom of Hanover. This year, Prussia annexed as a result of the German war, the Kingdom of Hanover, so that the former Bishopric of Osnabrück came to Prussia. Since November 1, 1946, this region is part of the federal state of Lower Saxony newly established.

The local government reform of 1972, in addition to the change of boundaries also means that the number of municipalities significantly reduced by pooling to form larger units. So it was in 1961 in the former counties still a total of 261 independent municipalities (95 in the old district Bersenbrueck, 56 in the old district of Melle, 79 in the old district of Osnabrück, in 31 Altkreis Wittlage ). Six of these were incorporated into the city of Osnabrück in 1972. The rest were grouped into the existing unit today 34 communities. Here, 17 of the unit communities to four joint communities joined together in the north county.

Circle members in the communities Altkreis

The villages of the district of Osnabrück in 1910:

Astrup, Atter, Belém, bite village, why, Ellerbeck, guests, Georgsmarienhuette, Grambergen, Gretesch, holders, Harderberg, Hasbergen, Haste, Hellern, Himbergen, Hollage, Holsten Mündrup, Holte- Sünsbeck, Holzhausen, Horne, Icker, Jeggen, Krevinghausen, Kronsundern, Lechtingen, Linne, Lüstringen, Malbergen, Nahne, Natbergen, Nemden, Ohrbeck, Powe, Pye, Rulle, Schelenburg, Schinkel, Schledehausen, Stockum, peasantry Stockum, Good Uphausen - Eistrup, Vehrte, Voxtrup, Wall Horst, Wellingen, Wersche, Wissingen, Wulften.

These 49 communities came 1932, the municipalities of the then defunct district Iburg added.

The villages of the district of Osnabrück: (residents on June 6, 1961)

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of the district of Osnabrück shows in gold, highlighted on a silver, sechsspeichigen, black wheel, supporting a hexagonal tower with a pointed red, blue roof.

The Osnabrück wheel is the escutcheon of the most commonly used in the district of Osnabrück. It was introduced in 1200 by the bishops of Osnabrück and stands for the " chariots of God ", the chariot, and thus for the Christian Church. As a symbol of the Gospels and the Church it is due according to the majority opinion on the vision of the prophet Ezekiel in the Old Testament. The wheel of the Diocese of Osnabrück is red on a silver background.

The tower is the keep of the Iburg, which was expanded in the 11th century to the residence to the Osnabrück Bishop Benno. This tower is therefore also called " Benno tower ", which, however, is not historically accurate, because it was only built under Konrad IV of Rietberg, bishop from 1482 to 1508. The wheel originally used by the bishops in red appears on the county coat of arms as the city of Osnabrück in black.

The county leads the coat of arms since 1947., The council took it at a time when there were no government body that could give or authorize a coat of arms.

Policy

District

From 1948 to 1964, Walter Giesker district administrator in the district of Osnabrück. He was succeeded by Joseph Tegeler 1964-1993.

In 1993, Manfred Hugo. From 1 July 2002 to 31 October 2011, he was then a full-time district and thus both political representative and head of the administration.

11 September 2011 was elected with 41.26 % of the vote by the citizens of the district to the new District Administrator Michael Lübbers man ( CDU). The successor of Manfred Hugo, he took up on 1 November 2011. Previously, he was since 2001 a full-time mayor of the velvet municipality Bersenbrueck.

Council

Select Every five years the citizens of the district of Osnabrück their representatives to the district council. The next election will be held in autumn 2016. Since the last municipal election held on September 11, 2011 are members of the District Council 68 elected members and the district administration.

The county council is the supreme organ of the county. The Circle Committee prepares the decisions of the District Council and decides matters that need not decide the district council. The group consists of eleven voting committee and an advisory council deputy, according to their faction strength.

Composition of the county since 2011:

• CDU: 30 seats
• SPD: 23 seats
• GREEN: 10 seats
• FDP: 2 seats
• UWG: 2 seats
• LEFT: 1 seat

County seat

The district administration of the district of Osnabrück has its headquarters in the largely enclosed by the district, but district-free city of Osnabrück, making it the only county government in Lower Saxony, which has its headquarters outside of the district. The background is that the city of Osnabrück is the historical center (formerly known as the capital of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück and today as a regional center ).

District partnerships

Since 1999, a partnership with the county Olsztyn ( Olsztyn ) in northeastern Poland. From historical connectedness and in view of the accession of Poland into the European Union of the Osnabrück district makes its special contribution to the development of the German - Polish friendship. In recent years, developed close ties with local Polish circles. Thus, the county and the municipality of Bad Essen, signed in 2007, a declaration on cooperation with the circle Wałcz ( German crown); to the circle Gryfino ( Pommern ), there are close contacts.

Regional Association

To cultural concerns, the Regional Association of Osnabrück country, a registered society under the sponsorship of the County and the independent city of Osnabrück care.

Religion

The area of the district of Osnabrück is mixed religiously since the Reformation. With the Peace of Westphalia, the parishes were religiously divided, but without changing the mixing crucial. At that time, 25 parishes were in the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück, which largely coincides with the present-day district, defined as Catholic, 17 parishes as Lutheran, 7 parishes as a mixed denominational (Catholic and Lutheran). The Lutherans today belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover, the Catholics to the diocese of Osnabrück. Since the Osnabrück region was adjacent to formerly Reformed territories, there since the 19th century Reformed in the county. The confessional distribution has not changed fundamentally, despite influx of expellees after 1945. Since the 1950s, members of other Protestant denominations were added, Orthodox and Muslims. A change in the confessional relations came when recording Aussiedler from the former Soviet Union in the 1990s, which resulted in about Bersenbrueck to a reversal of the confessional relations.

Traffic

Road

Federal highways:

• A 1 Puttgarden over Hamburg, Bremen, Cologne to Saarbrucken
• A 30 from Amsterdam to Bad Oeynhausen with access to the A 2 to Berlin -Warsaw
• A 33 of Osnabrück Bielefeld and Paderborn to A 44

Federal Roads:

• B 51 -Bremen Cologne
• B 65 Osnabrück -Hannover
• B 68 Paderborn Bielefeld Cloppenburg
• B 214 Lingen Brunswick
• B - 218 Fuerstenau Bohmte
• B 402 Emmen ( NL ) Fuerstenau

The community Bohmte gained through implementation of the shared space concept on regional notoriety as "the first German city without traffic signs."

Rail transport

The Hanoverian Western Railway reached Osnabrück 1855 Hanover ago, their extension to Rheine followed in 1856., The Cologne -Minden Railway Company joined Osnabrück 1871 with Bremen and Münster 1873. Thus, the city became an important railway junction.

Another link to the north opened the Oldenburg State Railways in 1876 with the track to Oldenburg, a distance to Delmenhorst branches from the in Hesepe about Vechta. The city Fuerstenau in the north- west of the district in 1879 connected to the railway network by the Rhenish Railway Company with the railway line Rheine - Quakenbruck. The national railway network was completed in 1886 by the Prussian state railway of the railway line Osnabrück- Bielefeld ( " Haller Willem "). Already 1865-1870 was the railway line Georgsmarienhütte Hasbergen that had significance particularly for freight.

In addition, the Wittlager orbit in 1900 opened a branch line Holzhausen- Heddinghausen - Bad Essen - Bohmte with connection to the main railway Osnabrück and Bremen. It was followed in 1914 a distance of Bohmte to Damme. From Ibbenbüren to Gütersloh Bad Iburg and Bad Laer on the southern edge of the Teutoburg Forest since 1900/ 01 reversed the Teutoburger Wald-Eisenbahn ( TWE ). The north of the district was opened (750 mm gauge ) in 1904 by the local railway Lingen -mountain Quakenbruck. By Ankum - Bersenbrücker railroad the community Ankum received in 1915 a railway connection to the main line.

The circular own transport company district of Osnabrück ( VLO ) today operates freight services on the route of the former Wittlager circular path. You also part of the Lower Saxon part of the railway line " Haller Willem ". The railway line Georgsmarienhütte Hasbergen also serves only to freight and operated by the Georgsmarienhütte Railway and Transport GmbH.

The railway network reached a maximum circumference of more than 300 km. Of the passenger was shut down at 121 miles:

Today in transport following rail routes are served:

• Railway wages - Rheine with long-distance Amsterdam -Bad Bentheim, Osnabrück Hbf -Hannover- Berlin ( KBS 375 )
• Railway Tub Eickelmann -Hamburg with remote traffic Cologne -Osnabrück Hbf -Bremen- Hamburg ( KBS 385)
• Railway Oldenburg -Osnabrück ( KBS 392)
• Railway Delmenhorst - Osnabrück Vechta ( KBS 394)
• Railway Osnabrück Bielefeld " Haller Willem " ( KBS 402)

Operators in the transport are DB Regio North, North Western Railway and WestfalenBahn.

Bus

As authority for public transport in the district serves the Planos planning company transport Osnabrück. This is a joint subsidiary of Stadtwerke Osnabrück and the district. You create the transport plans for the district.

The bus service in the district is operated by the following companies:

• Stadtwerke Osnabrück (city transport in Osnabrück)
• Weser- Ems bus (WEB ) ( bus routes throughout the county )
• Transport Company District of Osnabrück ( VLO ), ( bus traffic in the northeastern district )
• Ankum - Bersenbrücker Railway (ABE ), ( bus in the northwestern district )
• Regional traffic Munsterland GmbH ( RVM ), ( bus routes to North Rhine -Westphalia)
• Various other companies

It is the common fare of the transport association Osnabrück.

Traffic

The nearest international Flugjhafen is the Münster / Osnabrück Airport in Greven. There are the following airfields in the district (usually only for sport aircraft):

• Airfield Achmer
• Airfield Bohmte - Bad Essen
• Airfield Melle- Grönegau
• Airfield Osnabrück- Atterheide

Water transport

• Mittelland Canal Harbour Bohmte
• Mittelland Canal Harbour Bramsche and
• Future Mittelland canal port Leckermühle on Bohmter city area