Tinizong-Rona
Tinizong, view from south
Tinizong - Rona is a municipality in the district of Surses, district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
The municipality was created on 1 July 1998 by the merger of the previously independent municipalities Tinizong (German and until 1943 officially Tinzen, then until 1944 officially Tinizun ) and Rona (German and until 1943 officially Roffna ). The municipality is located in Tinizong.
- 4.1 languages
- 4.2 Origin and Nationality
Geography
The municipality is situated in the valley Above stone in the forested Gefällsstufe, which separates the two bottom portions Surgôt and Sotgôt each other. The valley road falls from the municipal boundary to about 2 km of only 13 m to the village of Rona ( 1,410 m above sea level. M. ), then in going back to a prehistoric landslide scarp 180 m to Tinizong ( 1232 m), then to 2 km back by only 25 m.
The municipality covers a section of the greater power running in the south-north direction, traversed by the Julia main valley and the 8 km long right tributary Val d' Err. On the right side of the valley, the territory extends to the watershed from the Upper Engadine and upper Albula valley. Here the boundary of the municipality draws on the distinctive summit of Corn da Tinizong (German Tinzenhorn, 3'172 m), Piz Ela ( 3'339 m), Piz Val Lunga ( 3'078 m), Piz Salteras ( 3'111 m), Piz lead Marscha ( 3,128 m), Piz Laviner ( 3'137 m), Piz Jenatsch ( 3,250 m) to the Piz d' Err ( 3'378 m, the highest point of the municipality ). For smaller left-side of the city limits, the lower portion of the side valley Val heard since Livizung.
The long road village Tinizong is slightly elevated on the right bank of Julia. The village of Rona consists of two parts: Rieven at the Julia and the higher Kirchdorf Ruegna (also called Oberrona ). Oberrona was already in front of the municipality proposed to the political community Tinizong. The municipality Rona - which represents only 11 % of the area in the merged municipality - was therefore only from Rieven, and the municipality border ran through the village. Rieven, the youngest of the towns, emerged only in the 17th century, when given the risk of landslides and partially destroyed Livizung and the settlement was laid.
Apart from the village settlements belong to the community groups of houses Mulegn and Vardaval on the main road, the Maiensass Pensa in Val d' Err and several alpine settlements.
In 1997, 32.5 % of the municipality were used for agriculture, the forest took 25.8 %, which settlements 1.1%. As unproductive were 40.6 %.
Neighboring municipalities are Savognin, Filisur, Berguen / Bravuogn, Bever ( exclave ), Sur and Mulegns.
Geology
As excavations showed the rich mineral deposits have been used in the above stone during the Iron Age. In the pits Parsettens in Val d' Err and Falotta (on municipality Sur just beyond the municipal boundary ) manganese ore was mined in different eras. Had their heyday in the mines in the two world wars. From 1916 to 1919, 1764 tons, 4275 tons of ore even promoted from 1942 to 1945. In addition to the main mineral Braunite there are many other manganese-containing minerals, among them the discovered here tinzenite, parsettensite, Sursassit and Grischunit.
The nearby Tinzenhorn and Piz Mitgel ( in Parc Ela ) 2007 dinosaur tracks were discovered, which are considered the world's oldest of its kind ( sauropods ).
History
Already in a Roman street directory from the 3rd century Tinizong was mentioned as Tinnetione. In the Middle Ages the town possessed as head of the Port Tinzen and Sust ( transhipment ) at the Septimer and Julierroute a prominent position.
Tinizong and Rona were part of the court Above stone and thus were part of the church covenant. Rona dissolved until 1851 from the composite with Mulegns and Sur, but received in the distribution is the smallest area with only a few pastures. A first attempt to merge the two communities and Tinizong Rona failed 1910.
Coat of arms
Blazon: Shared by red and silver, in two crossed red burning candles silver, surmounted by Mitra silver with blue trim, in silver black cross of St. Anthony.
The coat of arms combines elements of the coat of arms of the former municipalities:
Coat of arms of the former municipality Tinizong: In two crossed red burning candles silver, surmounted by Mitra silver with blue trim. A municipal stamp shows the figure of St. Blaise, the patron of the church, while his attribute was selected for the coat of arms.
Coat of arms of the former municipality Rona: Slant Right divided by silver and black, silver in a black, red reinforced jumping Capricorn; in black and a silver cross of St. Anthony. The Capricorn and the colors indicate the Gotteshausbund, the cross of St. Anthony the patron of the parish.
Population
* Tinizong - Rona
Languages
The population was up to the First World War almost entirely of Romansh. 1880 it was 94 %, even 96 % in 1910 ( Tinizong 96%, Rona 98%). Thereafter, the proportion of Romansh dropped to 1941 only to 91%. By 1970, a first burglary was the native language. In Tinizong the proportion had fallen to 80 %, in Rona to 84%. Since then occurs due to migration and language change from locals, a massive decline in Romansh (1970 330, 2000 185 persons). At the same time the German is getting stronger. This shows also the following table:
The official language is the surmeirische idiom of Romansh.
Origin and nationality
From the end of 2005 353 inhabitants were 301 ( = 85 % ) Swiss nationals.
Economy and Transport
In agriculture, 41 people were employed in the manufacturing sector and the services sector 56 18 At the Julia near the village Tinizong is a hydroelectric power station of the Zurich ( EWZ ) city. In 2004, that provided in the Lai da Marmorera accumulated water 192.4 gigawatt-hours of electrical energy. Although the municipality is situated in the tourist region Savognin - Bivio, absent actual tourist facilities, apart from two small hotels and a built in the 1980s cottage area.
Tinizong and Rona are on the main road and 3 are determined by the postal bus Chur - developed Bivio - Lenzerheide - Savognin. Individual courses run to St. Moritz.
Attractions
- Catholic parish Son Plasch in Tinizong. After a Gothic predecessor church was damaged during the village fire in 1610, today's Baroque to 1663 was under the direction of the architect Paolo Torello from Carona in Ticino. Stucco and ceiling frescoes in the choir of the construction period. Late Gothic winged altar from Southern Germany, signed by painter Jörg Kändel from Biberach, 1512.
- Catholic parish Son Antieni in Rona, outside simple building from 1663, high altar by 1760th The Baroque organ, built in 1677 in Trento, was formerly in the monastery and came Müstair 1884 by Rona.
- Municipal House, 2000, Architect: Pablo Horváth
- Pre-industrial commercial plant
- Several sections of the historic pass route: between Tinizong and Rona in the forest Gionda,
- South Rona on the right side of a slope, with wheel tracks probably from Roman times.