2008 Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku earthquake
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The Iwate- 2008 earthquake was a major earthquake in Japan on 14 June 2008, which mainly hit the Tohoku region in northeastern Honshu. The Japan Meteorological Agency ( JMA ) announced the earthquake, officially named the " Iwate- Miyagi inland earthquake of Heisei 20 (2008 )" (平 成20年(2008年)岩手·宫城 内陆 地震, Heisei 20 -tion Iwate- Miyagi nairiku jishin ).
The earthquake occurred in the south of Iwate prefecture at 8:43 JST on June 14, a Saturday ( 23:43 UTC on 13 June). The JMA determined the magnitude of the earthquake on Mj = 7.2, and the United States Geological Survey assessed the earthquake based on the moment magnitude scale Mw = 6.9. The epicenter of the earthquake was at 39 ° 7 ' 19 " N, 140 ° 40' 41 " O39.122140.678 determined, about 85 kilometers north of Sendai and about 385 km north- northeast of Tokyo.
The strongest tremors were measured in the cities Ōshū in Iwate Prefecture and Kurihara in Miyagi Prefecture, where they were found to be "strong 6" on the JMA scale ( shindo ).
Seismic intensity
The tremors were felt in a large area. Among the areas where the earthquakes were strongly felt, include:
Strong 6:
Weak 6:
Strong 5:
Tectonic overview
The earthquake with a magnitude of Mw = 6.9 on June 13, occurred in a region of convergence between the Pacific Plate and the okhotskischen part of the North American plate in northern Japan, where the Pacific plate relative to the North American plate with about 8, 3 mm west- northwestward pushes. The hypocenter of the earthquake suggests a shallow thrust fault in the upper ( the okhotskischen ) plate, above the subducting Pacific plate, which lay at a depth of about 80 km.
The earthquake occurred within the complicated tectonic conditions of the Ou Mountains, which was the site of several major earthquakes in historic times. The last one occurred in 1896, about 70 km north of the earthquake of 13 June, in which, in the area more than 200 people were killed by the impact of the earthquake.
Aftershocks
According to the JMA, the aftershocks were stronger than those of the Great Hanshin earthquake, but less frequently. Within the first 24 hours, more than 200 aftershocks were registered within the first seven days, occurred more than 400 aftershocks. The largest of them, with a magnitude Mj = 5.0 or more were:
- June 14, 09:20 clock JST ( 12:20 UTC): Mj = 5.7, maximum seismic intensity 5 ;
- June 14, 12:27 clock JST ( 03:27 UTC): Mj = 5.2, maximum seismic intensity 4;
- June 16, 23:14 clock JST ( 14:14 UTC): Mj = 5.3, maximum seismic intensity 4
Between June 21 and July 1, the daily number of aftershocks fluctuated between four and twelve, the maximum seismic intensity was 3
The following table lists the aftershocks with a magnitude Mw ≥ 4.0 - moments within the five days after the main quake.
Effects
Landslides
The earthquake caused landslides, the works brought to collapse, people spilled, road connections interrupted and some rural villages in sections from the outside world. Soil of these landslides dammed several rivers to lakes earthquake (堰 止 湖, sekitomeko, literally " pent-up lakes " ) on.
On June 19, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport announced that in the prefectures of Iwate and Miyagi fifteen such lakes had formed. On three of these lakes began with drainage measures, as rain and aftershocks threatened to cause overflowing or breaking of these dams ..
Personal injury
Until June 25, twelve people were killed by the authorities confirmed, and ten more were still missing at this time.
- In Kurihara in Miyagi Prefecture five people were buried by a landslide, which were located in a guest house on the edge of the mountain Kurikoma.
- On the National Road 398 in Kurihara, a landslide buried three workers who were busy to be mounted on an embankment a retaining net.
- Also on the National Road 398 in Kurihara, a man was killed when his car was captured and buried by a landslide.
- At the construction site of a dam in Ōshū, Iwate Prefecture, a worker was hit by falling rocks and died.
- In Ichinoseki in Iwate Prefecture a surprised by the earthquake person ran into the street and was run over by a truck.
- In Iwaki, Fukushima Prefecture, one person was taken when fishing from falling rocks and fell into the sea where they drowned.
- In Ōshū a landslide knocked over a bus with 20 people. Eight of them were injured rescued, including a person was after the rescue in critical and five in serious condition. Ten of the passengers were able to escape from the bus before he was caught by the landslide. Another earthquake led to the fact that the bus slowly slid down into a ravine, until he was stopped by trees.
Electricity supply
After the earthquake, there was - in contrast to the Niigata - Chuetsu - coast earthquake 2007 - no shutdown of a nuclear power plant, Although you probably found by the earthquakes over geschwapptes reactor water at the nuclear power plant, Fukushima II, but it did not come to the leakage of radioactive material into the environment.
Highways and railways
Highways of the Higashi- Nihon NEXCO in Tōhoku were locked in different sections, but released again with one exception after a few hours.
Some trains of East Japan Railway Company and the Shinkansen on some branch lines were stopped and not resumed until the following day.
All about 20 trains passing of the Tōhoku Shinkansen were stopped by an earthquake monitoring system. Most trains were moved shortly thereafter to the next station. Nevertheless, about 2000 passengers were not temporarily leave three trains, but were evacuated after a few hours, in one case after nine and a half hours because the trains had to remain in place until investigations of facilities were executed.
From the operating limitations of Tohoku, Akita, Yamagata, Joetsu and Nagano Shinkansen around 117,000 passengers were affected. None of the trains derailed.