Alajos Hauszmann
Alajos Hauszmann ( born June 9, 1847 in Oven, † July 31, 1926 in Velencei ) was an Austria - Hungarian architect of historicism.
- 3.1 Honours
Life
Alajos ( Alois ) Hauszmann was born in 1847 as the second of four children in a family originally from Bavaria. His father, the 1844 to Pest drawn homeopath and pathologist Franz Hausmann ( 1811-1876 ), was practitioner of Count Georg von Károlyi and since 1871 senior physician at St. Elizabeth's Hospital and a professor at the University of Budapest. Among siblings Alajos Hermina (1845-1929), Ferenc (1850-1918) and Kornélia ( 1854-1937 ).
After graduation Alajos briefly worked as a bricklayer and enrolled in 1864 at the age of just 16 years studying architecture at the Royal Hungarian Josef Polytechnic one. In 1866, he moved to the Berlin Academy of Architecture, where he met among others with Odon Lechner. Back in Budapest, he took a teaching position in 1868 at the Technical University. 1869-1870 brought him a study tour of Germany, France and Italy, where especially the Italian Renaissance architecture exerted a lasting influence on him. In 1870, he worked briefly in the Budapest architect Antal Skalnitzky office, but went in the same year independently.
At the age of 25, he received in 1872 a professor at the Faculty of Architecture, now renamed Josef University of Technology and Economics. During the 1870s he receives some significant private commissions: including it to build residential blocks on the sugárút út ( Andrássy út today ), and on the Grand Boulevard ( Grand Boulevard ). He designed and built some city palace. 1874 married Hauszmann. His daughter Gisella married in 1899 the Budapest architect Dezso Hültl.
In the 1880s, he received several major orders from the Hungarian state and the city of Budapest. The buildings for the secondary school in the Markó utca (1884), the Industrial Technology Museum (1887 ) and the Budapest Metropolitan Court on the Markó utca (1888 ) follow the same style, albeit on a larger scale. Compared to these buildings to take his designs during the 1890s very monumental and Baroque elements of overload. The New York Hotel and the equally rich ornamentalisierte Café became symbols of Budapest.
After the death of the court architect Miklós Ybl (1814-1891) took over Alajos Hauszmann for one and a half decades, the architectural line for the extension work of the Royal Castle and coined its current neo-Baroque appearance. His last important building is the main building of the Technical University (1905-1909), the whole still represents a neo-baroque design located directly on the bank of the Danube, but is characterized by more reduced Nouveau elements in detail. 1912 got Hauszmann the Grand Cross of the Order of Franz Joseph granted and he went in the same year in retirement. There was a long trip to Egypt and the Holy Land (1914 ).
In recognition of his work, he was in 1924 appointed honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Hauszmann died in 1926 at the age of 79 years. He is buried at the cemetery Kerepescher.
Work
Alajos Hauszmann was one of the most prolific architects between Budapest early days and turn of the century. His early buildings are characterized by a leaning against the Italian Renaissance Neo-Renaissance; later he used more and more elements of the neo-baroque style and approach and the Secession. As an architect of many public buildings and large mansions, private and commercial buildings, his influence still appears today on the Budapest cityscape. About his last buildings he published their own reports.
Hauszmann taught at the Technical University for 40 years. His students included, among others Ignatius Alpár, Kálmán Giergl, Dezso Hültl, Flóris basket, Antal Palóczy, Samu Pecz and Emil Tory.